Late Tang Dynasty Poem

This dissertation mainly discussed the general creation situation, subjects, themes and art of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang on the historical and literary background.The introduction. First of all, it was defined that what's Yuefu-Poems of late Tang. Late Tang " was the period time from JingZong's phase to the end of Tang Dynasty. "Yuefu-Poem" was a literary conception built under the infection of polarization of forms of literature and Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poetry anthology which indicated traditional Yuefu literature not including Ci and Qu poems. It consisted of the Yuefu-poems of Han Dynasty and later imitation, the Yuefu-poems of Six-Dynasties and later imitation, and the creation with new titles in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Secondly, there were a number of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang whose intension was rich and varied. And there was no lack of outstanding writers and excellent productions. So it was worth our study. At last , the relative study history was reviewed, and the achievements and shortages in different phases were introduced.Chapter â…  talked about the social and historical base of creation of Yuefu-Poems in late Tang. Because of local authorities' independence of the cimperial court, the eunuchs' dictatorship and the struggle between Niu-Party and Li-Party, the society was very turbulent in late Tang. And the literators' official career and literary produce were restricted in these conditions. On the other hand, the development of realistic Yuefu literature got improved. Changjiang and Huaihe rivers' area became flourish because of the southern moving of economy center that promoted the development of creation about Yuefu-Poems in this area. At one time, the phenomenon of heavy tax to Jiangnan area provided new subject matter to creation of Yuefu-poems. Buddhism and Taoism kept thriving, and they took to combination with Confucianism after struggles which effected the writers' philosophy, Weltanschauung and application of subject matters and art techniques extensively.Chapter â…¡ talked about the background about literature thought of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang. As continue evolution of traditional Yuefu-Poems, the creation of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang necessarily got influence from former writings. Owing to the variance of music system, most of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang couldn't be song with music. But there still were a few could. The maturation of modern form poems of late Tang with the highest degree, and the rising of two literary thoughts of meditating on the past and realism in succession, brought influence to the creation of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang that the modern form was used intensively and the themes and styles were so many.Chapter â…¢ discussed the general situations of the creation of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang. Yuefu-Poets in late Tang had three conceptions about Yuefu-Poems. They were the one took ornate styles for beauty whose representative figure was Zhang Hu, the one laid stress on realism whose representative figure was Pi Rixiu and the one regarded writings as games whose representative figure was Guan Xiu who was a monk. Yuefu-Poets in late Tang often used former titles in creation. But they created some new titles too. According to the regions and identities, we could divided the Yuefu-Poems of late Tang to three main communities: the poets who took ornate stylesfor beauty in the prophase, the realistic poets and poet-monks who regarded writings as games in the anaphase.Chapter IV. In this section, I classified all the Yuefu-Poems of late Tang with subject matters and themes, and discussed them one by one. The subject matters consisted odes in rites, amorism and women's complaint for loneliness, battles around frontier fortress, describing matters, local conditions and customs in Jiangnan area, arguing and chanting, banquet, singing and dancing, prosperity of cities, countries, rising and falling of history, fairyland and paladins. The themes consisted depressing for leaving and hardships of lives, satirizing current events, meditating on the past and commenting on the history, warrior and tiring of wars because of thinking native places in Yuefu-Poems about frontier fortress.Chapter V talked about the art of Yuefu-Poems of late Tang. In the respect of style, the poets studied to both the ornate styles of Yuefu-Poems of Six-Dynasties and the realistic style of the New-Yuefu in middle Tang. Because of the influence of language in Yuefu-Poems of Han Dynasty and the Jiesong and quotations of Zen, the language in Yuefu-Poems of late Tang showed a vivid characteristic of popularization.Epilogue. This part concluded all the discussion in the theme and pointed out the shortage existed.