Urban Areas In The Protection Of Large Sites External Governance Theory And Empirical Research

Large Remains refer to the large-scale archaeological sites, such as ancient city sites and ancient tombs of emperors, and the surroundings where they are located. The concept of Large Remains has been raised from the perspective of legacy protection and management in recent 10 years. Large Remains in developed urban areas are in face of destructions and threats due to the rapid urbanization. Hence, externalities occur in terms of the Large Remains protection, and dealing with the externalities is a system-designing process.This paper breaks through the available research in sociology, archaeology and cities' construction-planning disciplines, and achieves innovations in both perspectives and conclusions.Prescriptive method and empirical method are taken in the research of this paper. Interviews, face-to-face talks, surveys, statistic analysis and logic reasoning are also used. The theoretical significance lies in the author's development of Large Remains protection theory, and the practical significance lies in the proposing of ways to solve the contradictions between the protection and the economic development.Resource property determines the form and space of system arrangements, and resources of different physical property need suitable systems. Considering this point, this paper investigates the resource property of Large Remains from the public goods theory perspective, and indicates that the current Large Remains are close to be public goods, possessing the attributes of public goods; their social value, economic value and influences display the obvious externalities. When they are crowded, Large Remains turn from being pure public goods to public resources. However, Large Remains, taking on specific characteristics, differ in the protection, use and system arrangements from general public resources.Human behaviors are incited by internal and external motives. As external environments, systems have effects on human behaviors. Different systems contain different incentive structures and restrain functions, and so the behavioral features vary among main bodies. In the protection of Large Remains, the central government, local government and the local residents, as three principal behavioral main bodies, accordingly give rise to three kinds of externalities of behaviors. The externalities...