Subject Construction And Redemption Of Plight--Wang Xiaobo And His Literature World

Wang Xiaobo was a maverick intellectual and a successful writer. He devoted his life to literature creation abiding by principle that"literature is about person himself". His life and literature themes connected and overlapped with the questions of subjects. Focusing on building his own subjects and redemption ,we start our research on Wang Xiaobo's activities of creation and his products in this article. We deeply analyze his life practice and testing about different aspects of the subject construction ,such as it's essence, factors, ways, plight, the manner of redemption.In Wang Xiaobo's life and literary world, the establishment of self-subject was a process of stripping "self-burden" and "self-given". The important sign of "self-burden" was that "consciousness of role" replaced and crushed " consciousness of subject". "consciousness of role" was the obedience to demand of acting to human, and " consciousness of subject"embodied the strong will of becoming oneself. The disagreement and confrontation between"self-showing"and"role-acting"indicated the difference direction of personal growth, and the latter led to a stylized life. Its definite mode and doctrinal criterion which refused difference and change were the objects that Wang Xiaobo criticized and deconstructed. Using tactics of"anti- programming"and"wiping off programming", he pushed forward the subjects' qualitative change from"role-acting"to"self-showing".In his real life Wang Xiaobo was also restricted by rule of"a role". As a man with independent consciousness and free will, his plight was inevitable and a kind of paradox , that is, living in a certain system of social role and a system of acting, he refused to affiliation and identification. In accordance with the dilemma, using text-decorating and decorating text in the creation of the novels, Wang Xiaobo poured the latter critical spirit of subjects and the fruits of introspection back into modern roles, thus made"consciousness of subject"be protected and illuminated. His view of subject building at last resorted to"showing the personality", fighting for"ability of act","space of freedom", and self-discipline taking the place of heteronomy, thus he got rid of self-plight ultimately. Facing the shortcomings in the Enlightenments happened twice in China, his subject building returned to the origin of Kangde's enlightenment—"breaking away from the states of immaturity which he put on himself".Wang Xiaobo's subject construction had several elements: "sex" which was instinct demand, exploring rational factors of"certainty", pursuing diverse and variable emotional factors, as well as the narrative about death to life. The author displayed the plight of sex from the angle of personal dilemma, and completely showed distorted and dissimilar situation of sex noumenon and"the subject of sex",he also disclosed and criticized the soft and hard violence which were imposed by politics and social custom. There were two concentrated points that he disclosed controlled states of intellectuals: one was that"the tendency of anti-intellectual"such as"negative filtering"and"pulling down to orderliness"imprisoned and hurt them. The other was that the unbalanced relation between the true and the good and excessive moral rule forcefully shaped the intellectuals, The writer continually endowed the characters wisdom and enthusiasm to break through the surroundings, at same time ,he widely borrowed diversification and variability given by the art to destroy balanced identity, he also constructed the characters' living esthetics through all possible text experiment. Wang Xiaobo took imagination of execution to confront ordinary persons' feature which wrapped by scenery of death. Through describing the desire for love and death he showed the subject's utmost taste of life which was led by"purpose of seeking for death", he also showed"great exultation"which came from the deep heart of individuals who was infected by instinct of death, then he constructed the death as the positive factor for self-establishing. He controlled the situation of intellectuals to reveal the main focus on two points: first, "negative screening" and "down ratsiraka" such as "anti-intellectual tendencies" of the imprisonment of intellectuals and injury, First imbalance "true and good relations"and the excessive moral Statute strong molding of intellectuals, writers constantly break siege figures given wisdom and passion, taking full use of arts endowments diversity and variability characteristics go destruction and subversion of the same average. Wang Xiaobo to imagine the death penalty against the death of landscape parcels of "ordinary people" the characteristics of Eros and die through the tangled for the main show at "the will to die" under the guidance of life experience, as well as the limits of the death instinct infected individuals from the bottom of their hearts outbreak of "immense joy", thus "death" to self-construct to establish a positive factor.In accordance with present situation of three basic kinds of human desires----for authority, for objects, for sex----and the resistance of realizing them, this article has discussed the conflict relation between two groups of desire----order and freedom which father and son were their representative, rule of surviving and the reason of existing. He took the desired subjects as describing focus in the novels, and carried out the redemption of subjects from shortage and overflowing of desire, as well as transaction channel of revolving desire.As the way of constructing the subjects , "splitting" principle was mainly manifested as differentiation of field of truth, good and beauty, individuals getting rid of group's autarchy and splitting of moral connotation and function. It took"escaping"as specific strategy, which embodied the essence of"negative freedom". Its target was to keep the individuals from intervention of heteronomy and violence."speech escaping"is that the subject uses silence as weapon or uses morbid speech which strays from the mainstream of expressing model to realize redemption of the subject. Evading and seclusion are the confrontation which appears in a manner of withdrawal of subject relative to the seekers. The strain in it indicates subject's ability of self-redemption. The view of time in Wang Xiaobo's novels displayed subjectivity, relativity , discrepancy and flexibility etc,which was in accord with subject appeal for manifesting personality and self-improvement. Space-shifting of the characters, which included escaping from social space to natural space, hiding in personal space from common space, withdrawal from the world of"Yang"to the world of"Yin", indicated the direction which was got by subject breaking through the prohibition with"round"and"square"as its main space modeling. At same time he used"wilderness"image to take the place of"Taohuayuan"which was identified habitually by Chinese, thus made the following principles run through"escaping"of space and time: from incarceration and the narrow to the broad and extension, and helped the subject out of control and obtained freedom.Wang Xiaobo's own story is centered by subject adversity and redemption, which reveal the nature of contradiction between body and mind and the design of cultural heritage in derivation of body and mind; the main aspect lies in the conflicts between heart and brain, esp in the deadly threat to intellects. The two means taken resort to rites, music and punishments and policy, which forced the intellects who were at complete disadvantage to take ways of deserting themselves, keeping themselves and lingering in the wrong position of body and mind.; while all these can not avoid the loss of subjectivity and displays the relation of cause and effect between subject restraint and body mistreatment and that of enforcing each other. Wang Xiaobo revealed the nature of enforcing mistreatment and seeking mistreatment and cultural cause in history, which demonstrated the opposing and depending relation between sadism and masochism and displayed the nature of seeking mistreatment and enforcing mistreatment behind the appearance of sadomasochism.Self-subject guarding in the sexual relation became the article's stay-point of dicscussing Wang Xiaobo's subject construction. In the model of sexual relation that men is weaker than woman, the last freedom of weaker subject was tied to naming of sex and"sexual relation". The heroes lying in the edge and inferior situation showed clear tendency of laughing at marrige and evading love. Under the premise of opposing misusage or malicious use of love, Wang Xiaobo made the relation between ideal subjects transcend sex and"sexual relation",and point at generalized"love". In many relation patterns"Love"was the best way of placing personal subjectivityThe end of article affirms Wang Xiaobo's effort and great contribution on the subject construction, the core proposition of guarding and saving individual, which were summed up as one sentence: three roads—pursuing reality, beauty and love were combined into one.