The Study On The Separable Words' Separated Form Function Of Mandarin Chinese

Based on the large-scale corpus and making an absolute and complete study of the Chinese separable words and their separated forms in "A General Outline of Chinese Level Words and Chinese Character Grade", this paper obtains abundant and first-hand data and discovers some important language phenomena, on the basis of which, by using the functionalism theories and methods, the paper has a thorough discussion on the semantics, grammar, discourse, and pragmatics function of the separable words and their separated forms.This paper focuses on the following questions: in practical language materials, which disyllabic structures engender the separated forms? Which not? The separated forms of the separable words have the same separating forms (such as the separating frequency, inserting modes)? How many separating forms do the separable words have? Whether the separating forms have the same status? What functions do the separable words with separating form have? Why some Chinese disyllabic structures engender the separated forms? Is there a unification rule hidden behind the numerous and complicated phenomena? How should we carry through the Chinese separable words teaching?We discover that in practical language materials, the separable words have more joint forms than separation forms. Most of the separable words are those action words that express people's self behavior in ordinary daily life. And the more common the action words are, the greater separating frequency and greater variety of separating forms the separable words have.In practical language materials, the separating forms can generally be reduced to 13 categories. Statistic shows that the most frequent separating form is "le", and the least separating form is verb components. The separating categories and the numbers of the separable words with the separating forms form an inverse ratio: the less the categories of the separating forms are, the greater number and higher ratio the separable words have, and vice versa. Most of the separable words with higher frequency are those used more frequently in daily life. The separable words with lower frequency are those used less frequently in daily life.Chinese separable words are highly- conventionalization forms, and the separable words when separated possess a lower transitive character. In discourse, B in the separated form (AXB) belongs to the incidental/trivial information and bears an infirmness reference, and the separated form tends to provide the background information.The separated forms of the separable words are constructions, the functions of which are to express the speaker's subjective tendency, which is the inner rule that dominates the separated phenomenon. The separating categories, separating frequency, the choice of hypo- separating form, the semantics, grammar, discourse, and pragmatics function of the separable words are all dominated by this inner rule.The conclusion that the separated structure expresses the speaker's subjective tendency makes clear many other related phenomena, like the question of lower transitive character, the question of the separated form tending to provide the background information, the question of the separated form preferring certain sentence structures, the question of the separated form tending to appear in certain types of writing, the question of the conventionalization of the separable words , and the causes of the separated structure. According to these mentioned above, certain teaching principles and teaching methods on the separable words teaching can be set up, thus some difficulties and problems in the separable words teaching can be effectively solved.By means of close study of separated forms and the inserting modes of the separable words, we draw a conclusion that the joint forms of the separable words are "normal" while the separated forms are "abnormal". We also get to realize that the abnormal forms in language generally process a subjective tendency. We think this conclusion will benefit the linguistic theory and guide the linguistic practice.