Study On Role Of Peasants As Impetus In Rural Reforms

The process of peasants'transformation is a dual process of rural social transformation and further modernization of the farmers,rural areas and agriculture. The relationship between peasants and China's modernization is a perplexing paradox: without 900 million farmers, China's modernization can not be achieved;but with 900 million farmers, the realization of China's modernization becomes extremely tough.Peasants are both driving and restricting force of modernization in which they play an active role and are made target of reform. Consequently, the issue of peasants'status and role is of particular significane to overall development for the CCP and the whole nation.The successful development of China to a large extent depengds on how the issue of peasants are dealt with and how their status and role are recognized in construction of socialist modernization.In view of this,it attaches great importance to deep research into the role of peasants in China's reform process.In this paper,analysis framework is constructed with the following elements consecutively, namely, background of rural reform, major events and corresponding processes in which peasants promote rural reform, and social effects of peasants'transformation;within which, a comprehensive and in-depth investigation and analysis is carried out toward the following aspects, that is, rural economic reform with peasants as agent,reform of rural democratic politics,transformation of rural cultural concepts, and improvements of rurual social construction. Outlet of full-text analysis lies in the relatively low social status and hardship and poverty of peasants'livlihood,which can be understood as"poverty and reform meet".Signpost of analysis guides the reader with"demand,reform and transformation",that is integration of demand,reform and transformation in rural ecomony, politics,culture and social construction, along which peasants'role as impetus in rural reform is clarified.There're seven chapters in this paper.Among them,Chapter 1 is introduction which describes the research background and significance of topics,briefly estimates and analyzes domestic and international research dynamics,frameworks and methodologies. The second chapter is the theoretical foundation part of the paper. Firstly,the paper analyzes the concepts of "peasants","rural","rural reform","role of impetus" and so on, on basis of which the research object, area, time limits and the main contents are defined.Next step is to clear up the mass'role of impetus theoretically supported by the historical development theory and hierarchy of needs theory. Based on this foundation, an in-depth analysis is targeted at mechanism of peasants'role as impetus, source,structure and operation system of the driving force in peasants'reform.Finally, role of peasants as impetus is specifically demonstrasted in a brief way and paves way for research in later chapters. The body of the paper includes the four chapters from Chpater 3 to Chapter 6.It focuses on analysis of background, process and effects of rural economic, political, cultural and social reforms initiated and further by peasants, and from integration of the four rural reforms role of peasants as impetus is discussed. Chpater 7 is the conclusion,it gives an overall collation and summary of role of peasants as impetus. The effects of role of peasants is demonstrated as transformation of peasants'future, CCP governance model and social landscape; The basic experience of reform is summarized as interaction and cooperation between the peasants and the government; The future trend of this reform is presupposed as both "the end of peasants"and going to "the civil society".Major conclusions of this paper can be summarized as the following aspects:(1)The inner impetus of peasants in reform comes from their own need of survival and development, and the series of favourable rural policies carried out by the CCP and government provides circumstance for reform. (2)The peasants play roles of impetus: from the perspective of rural economic reform, peasants promote innovations of instutions, transformation of rural social structure and lay foundation for China's comprehensive reforms; from the perspective of democratic politics, peasants promote the innovation of rural governance model, based on which China's democratic politics is developed. From the perspective of cultural concepts, cultural concepts have been transformed by peasants whose modernity grow accoringly and process of China's modernization is accelerated. From the perspective of social construction, peasants'efforts in rural social construction contribute to the establishment of healthy mechanism for stable development and transformation of"three peasants-related"policies.(3)Basic experience learnt in success of China's rural reform can be concluded as : interaction and cooperation between peasants and government. Innovative behaviors of peasants provide main path for rural reform, government's respect of peasant'initiative and the development of proper policies and effective instutions form a supporting background, which can be summarized as the government and the mass hand in hand for success in previous revolution and current construction.Innovation of this paper can be demonstrated by two aspects: In-depth analysis is given to impetus mechanism of peasants in rural reform.On basis of existing relevant research home and abroad, this paper discloses the source,structure and operation system of peasants in driving rural reform(.2)Systemic research has been done in the role of peasants as impetus in rural reform. Currently speaking, many domestic scholars from different perspectives affirm the status and role of peasants in construction of modernization. However, research done on basis of intergration of economic, political,cultural and social reforms is almost rare. Hence, this paper based on existing research presents innovative to a certain extent in comprehensively discussing the role of peasants as impetus.