A Study Of Current Public Security In Chinese Rural Areas

The research on public security of rural areas is one of essential issues involvedin the theory of Chinese social development, which is of great importance in thetheory of social development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It isbeneficial and effective to achieve social stability of rural areas and agriculturaldevelopment, to ensure that farmers live and work in peace and to solve the threeissues of agriculture, farmer and rural areas, by means of deepening theinvestigation of public security of rural areas, and improving the administermechanism of public security. The issue of public security in rural areas, as the basicfoundation of constructing a new socialist countryside, plays an essential role in theconstruction of socialist harmonious society, and has a great influence on the generaldevelopment and future orientation of Chinese rural areas.This paper makes an attempt to expound the issue of current public security inChinese rural areas, in light of Marx Theory with Chinese characteristics, adopting aseries of combinations of methodology, such as systematic study, comparative study,literature research, empirical study, normative study, macroscopic and microscopicstudy.This dissertation consists of six chapters.Chapter One gets started with an introduction of the research background andsignificance of the topic under concern, and then gives an overview of the previousresearch of this topic at home and abroad, as well as the research methodology, andthe outline and the originality of the paper.Chapter Two makes an analysis of the current situation of public security ofChinese rural areas and its development orientation. First of all, it summarizes theachievements of the public security of our countryside, and points out that farmersare relatively satisfactory with the public security in rural areas on the basis of the current situations. And then, it picks up major problems concerning current publicsecurity in rural areas, including violent offenses, property crimes, cults and vices,feudal and superstitious activities, and mass disturbances. Based on the above, itanalyses and makes prediction about the development trend of the issue of publicsecurity in Chinese countryside, namely: it is basically stable in general with hiddenperils and great burden, and the situation of public security is still grim andintractable.Chapter Three analyses the influences of the problems of current publicsecurity of Chinese rural areas, from the following five aspects: the development ofmarket economy in rural areas, the progress of democracy, the promotion of spiritualcivilization, the stability and unity of countryside society, and the ecologicalconstruction of rural areas.Chapter Four makes a comprehensive analysis on the causes of problemsconcerning the public security of Chinese rural areas. Firstly, from the economicperspective, the general level of productivity in rural areas is not high, with theco-existence of various forms of economic ownership. Furthermore, the gap offarmers'income imparity is deepened, with the intensive contradiction betweenrapid economic development of rural areas and the shortage of resources. Secondly,from the political perspective, the control of basic level organizations is weakened,with the changes of political construction in rural areas, and the department ofpublic security governance is poor. Thirdly, from the perspective of law, the legalsystem in rural areas is imperfect, and farmers'legal awareness is weak with poorlegal education. Fourthly, from cultural perspective, under the invisible influence oftraditional culture in rural areas, great changes have taken place in farmers'ideologyand their needs for spiritual civilization. Fifthly, from social perspective, the changesof social relations in rural areas bring in many challenges, and the number of surpluslabor in countryside has greatly increased. What's more, the controllable resourcesin terms of social public security keep on decreasing, and farmers'flow and rankingsharpen the social conflicts in rural areas. Sixthly, from individual perspective, the cadres in basic level organization of countryside are not well qualified, as well asthe farmers.Chapter Five elaborates the basis of strengthening social public security in ruralareas. This chapter focuses on the discussion from the following three aspects: thetheoretical basis, the policy basis and the legal basis. In terms of theoretical basis, ithas mainly adopted the Marx theory of social conflict, the theory of the CommunistParty of China concerning how to properly solve the internal conflicts of the people,and the basic system theory, as well as the theory of socialist harmonious society. Interms of policy basis, it is guided by the central file concerning the three issues ofagriculture, farmers and countryside, and the policies and regulations about publicsecurity in rural areas from both the Party Central Committee and Ministry of PublicSecurity. In terms of the legal basis, it chooses to consult the following laws andregulations: the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the civil law, thecriminal law, the Public Security Management Punishment Law, and so on.Chapter Six proposes some countermeasures to strengthen the management ofpublic security in rural areas. Generally speaking, it is suggested that China shouldmake a comprehensive control of public security of countryside in light of localconditions, combine the efforts of both professionals and the masses, and promotethe development of rural areas as well. Firstly, the management mechanism ofpublic security in countryside should be innovated, and a system of managementshould be established to deal with the public security in countryside, which consistsof early warning mechanism, the prevention and control mechanism, emergencyresponse mechanism and supervisory mechanism. Secondly, the new patterns ofmanagement of public security in countryside should be spread according torespective local conditions. It chooses some typical successful cases of publicsecurity management in countryside from east, west and central area respectively, inorder to make a detailed analysis and draw good lessons from them. Thirdly, it ishighly suggested that China should cultivate the social spiritual civilization of ruralareas, by means of innovating the organization mechanism of spiritual and cultural construction, and developing the spiritual and cultural life in rural areas, in order topromote the harmonious social development of rural areas.Compared with previous researches, the originality of this paper reflects in thefollowing four aspects:Firstly, this systematic study of the current issues concerning the publicsecurity in Chinese rural areas serves as a supplement to the theoretical researcheson this topic. Great changes have taken place in the current Chinese countryside interms of economic structure, population composition, social psychology, socialproduction and social life styles, which have made a great effect on the publicsecurity of countryside, leaving it increasingly complicated. However, based on thecurrent research findings, scholars have laid more emphasis on the study of urbanpublic security, rather than that of rural areas. The rural areas in China play animportant role, whether on the number of population or geographically. Therefore,this paper attempts to make a systematic study on the current situation of the publicsecurity of rural areas, including the causes, the principles, the solutions ofmanagement, and the inspirations, which helps to build a new research framework,broaden a new research scope and shed some light on the current research of thisacademic area.Secondly, the previous researches of public security of rural areas have alwaysadopted a perspective of either pure legal science or security management, whilethis paper tends to make a comprehensive use of multiple disciplines and relatedtheoretical findings, including economics, political science, sociology, managementand the science of law. Furthermore, this paper attempts to provide a specialperspective for the theory and practice of solving the internal conflicts among thepeople in rural areas.Thirdly, through a series of theoretical analysis and empirical investigation, thispaper has corrected the previous false ideas about the farmers'needs for publicsecurity, and pointed out that farmers in the era of social changes need greater senseof security. What's more, it actively seeks for the gap between the supplies from the public services and the farmers'needs, and finds out main problems concerning thecurrent public security of countryside. Based on the above, the paper has made amulti-level and multi-perspective analysis on this issue, aiming at offering a solidfoundation and scientific direction for the study of the management solutions to thepublic security in rural areas.Fourthly, differnt from the previous researches of the management of thepublic security in rural areas, the paper proposes that the management mechanism ofpublic security in countryside should be innovated, and a system of managementshould be established to deal with the public security in countryside, which consistsof early warning mechanism, the prevention and control mechanism, emergencyresponse mechanism and supervisory mechanism. According to various localconditions and the features of security, it proposes to spread a new effective patternof managing the public security, and build a healthy public activity space throughenriching the spiritual and cultural life in rural areas, in order to promote thedevelopment of a harmonious countryside, which serves as an outstandingcharacteristic of this paper.Based on the above, the issue of current public security of Chinese rural areasdetermines the stability and development of the countryside as well as theconstruction of a harmonious society. From a practical point of view, in order toachieve the harmonious development of countryside and guarantee a healthy andcontinuous construction of a new socialist countryside, China should scientificallyanalyze and make judgment the current public security of rural areas under newsituations, summarize the main problems affecting the public security and theircharacteristics, and follow scientific principles of management to play the role of awhole system of management mechanisms. Furthermore, China should take thedistribution of biological system in the rural areas and the lack of balance ofdevelopment features into consideration, and spread applied and effective newpatterns of management to different local areas, as well as developing the spiritualand cultural life of countryside.