Political Structural Change In Transition In Rural China - To The Mountain Village For Representation Of Empirical Research

ABSTRACT The change of China rural political structure is an important question for discussion bearing theoretical value and social realistic meaning during transferring period. This article established a theoretical model to study the political situation of China villages by a deep investigation of the 揧ue Village?. It described and analyzed the relationship, power system, domination, enrollment, culture of politic during one century time of 揧ue Village?and tried to anatomy the process and characteristics of China rural political development through political sociology and political anthropology. The article included introduction, four chapters and a basic conclusion. There were some brief descriptions in the appendix about the events and experiences of researching process. The social梡olitical characteristics of China traditional villages were discussed in the first chapter. The article pointed out the basic truth that the rule of traditional social local politic was a village autonomous politic due to the analysis of traditional village and village tradition, the system of imperial power and Bao梛ia, the system of clan power and patriarchal clan, the rule of country gentleman power and country gentleman. It also brooded the main reason which made autonomous politic produce and exist from the point of land, taxes and levies, culture, and village domination. The village orders during the Republic of China society changing time were investigated in the 晄econd chapter. It described the shift of the power relationship and the social order of the village during the time of Republic of China and included four parts: the village politic at revolution of 1911, the peasant movement and the village tradition, the local self梘overnment and the reconstruction of 態ao梛ia system?, the construction experiment of village and the administration turning of township. Then it expatiated the main reason why the country administrative power went down to the village society from the aspects of plunder, military service, population and village revolt. The third chapter described the alteration of village politic from the founding of P.R China to the time before the opening and reforming. This chapter analyzed the relationship between the village social system and the power structure and the relationship between the power system in high degree of centralized power form and village mobilization at the special time from the four aspects: the peasant association and the land reform: cooperative movement and village structure; the 3 integration system of commune and state; the plan, the registered permanent residence, the social, class and the village mobilization. The fourth chapter focused on the development of village politic at the new time. This was the keystone of this research. It separately described the version stipulation and realistic situation of present rural politic system from: the village reform at the new time; the state power and the village system; the community authority and village order structure; family benefit and village order; the peasant power and public participation. It also deciphered the forming base and result of the present rural politic system from marketing, democracy, rule of law and village order. It specifically studied the interrelationships of country administrative power and community autonomy and the interrelationships of peasant democratic power, interest conflicts, and public pa...