View Of Political Development Of Township Government Reform

Under the direction of the political standpoints of Marxism, this dissertation, mainly basedon the qualitative and quantitative analysis, makes a comprehensive study on the problemsoriginated from the operation of Chinese township regime, and tries to systematically provideseries of measures to resolve the problems on the basis of summation of former successfulpractices.The entire dissertation is made up of one Introduction and five Chapters.The dissertation concentrates on the operation of the township regime and it tries to findsome resolutions to the problems from them at the angle of view of rural political development.To study the operation of the township regime at this angle means that the historical varianceof the grass-roots regime will be the dissertation's logical starting point, the township regime'sbehavior, function and structure will be the dissertation's framework, and the power of thetownship regime and the political rights of rural residents will be the dissertation's principalcontents. In other words, the study of the dissertation belongs to the fields of politicaldevelopment. The Introduction puts forward the above points in the beginning.In Chapter One, the dissertation looks back the historical variance of the grass-rootsregime in rural China, whose emphasis lies in the analysis of the basic regime's foundation,operation, merits and demerits. In feudal society or the era of the Republic of China, ruralgovernmental systems whose core was grass-roots regime had a common insurmountablemalady, when rural privileged stratum took advantage of grass-roots political power to oppressand exploit peasants, and the perturbation from the malady directly caused the circle of risingand falling of feudal dynasties and the failure of the Republic of China in the mainland ofChina. Sharply contrasted with the above-mentioned, the Communist Party of China (CPC)rebuilt the democratic principles of the grass-roots regime in the base area, and won the greatvictory of the revolutionary war with the support of peasants. However, as a groping form ofpolitical power at the grass-roots level in rural area of socialist China, the People's Communepracticed to be a failure. Lessons should be drawn from the historical variance.In the second chapter, the dissertation summarizes the remarkable achievements about theconstruction of the Township power since 1978, which are mainly the power separationbetween the basic regime and the rural society and the differentiation within the structure ofthe basic regime and the two aspects' achievements are also the main contents of Chinese ruralpolitical development in the new period. Since Chinese rural area is in the course of profoundsocial transformation and modernization, series of proper problems have come into being inthe operation of the township power, including the following four aspects of the basic regime'sillegal administrative activities, its cadres' grave corruption, the weakening of its social controlability and the deviation of its economic function. Some of these problems have obvioushistorical marks such as the cadres' corruption (The cadres are the owners and theadministrators of the township political power.), and others, such as illegal administrativeactivities, are new problems met in the current course of rural political development. Whatspecial attention should be paid to is thai the political consequences caused by these problemsare not only the basic regime's tendencies of the Deviation From the Land and the DeviationFrom the Peasants and their proper legal crisis, but also the crisis of the CPC's government inrural areas and the crisis of the whole socialist construction after a period of evolvement incertain conditions.The main task of Chapter Three is to illustrate the causes to the above-mentionedproblems. The dissertation has enumerated four main factors that have influenced the basicregime's administrati...