| The world-concerned problem today is energy problem. With the rapid development of economy China has increasing demand for energy. The energy problem in China, characteristic of rare oil and gas resources but rich coal resource, lies in coal problem. To be more exact it is the interrelations shown among economic basis, systems and environment plus industry and organization. Presently competitions of oil and electric power oligarchies are becoming apparent. So the development of coal industry is influenced by the competitions and should be mostly concerned about. Nowadays such sensitive questions concerning organization orientation and positioning of China coal industry as competition and monopoly, market and government, open policy and autonomy have become the focus for discussion in the coal industry sector. This article for the first time tries to combine the West industry organization with China coal industry practice in terms of muti-level amalgamation and perforation. It is the author' s understanding after longtime meditation and study with regard to some key problems of coal market structure, enterprise behavior and industry performance. As the research is still going on, this article is only part of the research. As compared with traditional coal problem this article has gained some breakthrough in terms of theoretical system and way of research.This paper falls into eight chapters, largely being divided into three sections: realistic environment and basic principle; theoretical analysis and demonstration examination; conclusion and case.Realistic environment and basic principle includes chapter one and chapter two, which is the basis of the whole article. Through objective description toward the new changing trend of the world energy market and the successful practice of the American coal industry, on the basis of clarifying the theoretical significance and practice of the subject, the paperhas achieved the following results: elucidating the prerequisite, basic method, general frame and main renovation, covering research achievement and conclusion done by predecessors concerning industrial organization, determining the relative conception, definition and border in the field of coal industrial organization and meanwhile clarifying some relative basic problems; putting forward independent point of views in terms of the demonstration study of coal industrial organization especially the application of West industrial organization theory in China, which has laid theoretical basis and logic support for later SCP analysis and study as well as the demonstration and examination of China coal industrial organization.The section of theoretical analysis and demonstration and examination includes chapters from three to seven, which is the core and skeleton of the whole article. In chapter three, the degree of concentration index numerical value of American coal market between the years of 1965 and 2001 has almost been completely calculated followed by deepening analysis and appraisal in terms of its influential factors, way of market structure evolution and priority enterprise restructure and expansion. Together with chapter two the article establishes comparison system in the following chapters for comparative study of relative discussion topics concerning China coal industrial organization. In chapter four, on the basis of taking up a great amount of first hand information, the article for the first time puts forward original degree of concentration index numerical value (1990-2001) of China coal industrial market and has engaged more objective analysis and appraisal in relation to so such sensitive problems as influence factor, market structure positioning, especially the orientation of industry policy and enterprise restructure and expansion and has figured out the core content of the article.Being a developing country China has experienced more than ten years of practice in general adoption of the coal market principle. There appear many realistic problems, which needserious study an...
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