Study Of Modern Chinese And Foreign Parties - State Relations

Party-State relationship is a basic component of Party Politics and is also one that has not been properly settled by the socialist countries. In China, this relationship, which is the most basic and the most important, determines directly the overall set up and the basic frames of its political systems. With economic, political and social development and changes that are going on in China, its Party-State relationship is bound to experience profound changes. The "Three Represents", which marks the beginning of this change in CPC also brings with is good opportunities in the reform of China's P-S relations. This thesis, basing on a comparative study of different models, of P-S relationship, will have a careful research on the historical changes of P-S relationship both in China and abroad and give some thoughts on the future development of P-S relations in China.The thesis falls into the following three parts:Part One generalizes the lessons drawn from the Soviet Russian model of P-S relations. By studying this model, which used to have great influences on China, and which met its collapse later, we will learn some useful lessons for the construction of China's P-S relations. The basic features of the traditional Soviet Russian model of P-S relationship were: Party dominates State, Party replaces government and Party overrides the regime. The Supreme Soviet, which had the legitimate supreme power in Russia, was actually nothing more than a voting machine for the passing of the instructions- of the Party Central Committee. And in this sense, the Party Central Committee, surpassing the Supreme Soviet, directly commanded and ruled over the national administrations. The government had become but an executing organization of the Party, and the judicial department, but a tool for the maintenance of the highly centralized powers of the Party and individuals. This model, in creating a highly centralized power for the Party, destroyed in reality the socialist democracy, and at the same time, harmed the leading function of this Party. When Mikhail Gorbachev cameinto power, however, he went from one extreme to the other and shifted the whole dominant power from the Party Central Committee to the Supreme Soviet. This reform, completely breaking the traditional model of Russian P-S relations, didn't settle the problem of the proper functioning of the Party and thus led to the loss of domination and control by the Party on the national regime. The two different models of the Soviet Union, both unsuccessful, have left plenty of lessons for us to ponder upon.Part Two centers upon the study of the P-S relationship of the western developed countries. As the birthplace of Party Politics, these countries witnessed the earliest appearance of P-S relations. Since the political parties were born within the regime, there have been a very clear relationship between the parties and the state, i.e. the state has a power that is higher and above that of the political parties. There isn't an extra leading center of the Party outside the state administrations. Usually, the Party in power doesn't issue instructions directly to the state administrations, instead it effects influence and control on the legislature and the administration through its organizations and its members in the state representative institutions and administrations, thus, realizing the leadership of the Party on the state regime. To sum up, the Western model of P-S relationship is completely different from that of the socialist countries. And some of the concrete practices in this model may be of help to us.Part Three mainly analysis the history and presents state of the P-S relationship in China and puts forward some suggestions on the reform of this relationship. This is the major part of this thesis which hopefully, by drawing on the lessons and the good practices of the Russian and Western P-S relations respectively, will be of some help to the construction of P-S relationship with Chinese characteristics. The Chinese Communist Party is quite differe...