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Three-Part-Structure Analysis On Chinese Modern Agricultural Technological Innovation

Posted on:2005-07-18Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:L ZhengFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360122993071Subject:History of science and technology
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
In this paper a model of three-part-structure agricultural innovation system is designed to analyze relations between Chinese modern agricultural development and modern social political and economical change with theories and methods of economics, technological sociology and modernization, in order to provide a wide historical back ground and experience for agricultural scientific and technological policy making in contemporary era.The basic viewpoint of this model is: agricultural modernization is a historical course of change from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture through the formation of three-part-structure agricultural innovation system. Agricultural technological innovation is defined as a course of agricultural technological invention or introduction to realize their social or economic value. The three-part-structure agricultural technological innovation system means agricultural technological invention application and the realization of its value are carried out by three different departments. These three parts are on the line of agricultural production, but they do their work separately and pursue their own benefit. Farms apply Modern agricultural technology invented by scientific research institutions and corporations, and distribute their farm products through market. This is quite different from traditional agriculture.Chinese traditional agriculture was self-supported and the whole production process occurred hi farm. So did the agricultural technological innovation. There was no three-part-structure in traditional agricultural innovation because the technology was gained by experience of the farmer, and the farm product was mainly for self-consumption except the rent and tax. In other words, the agricultural technology needed not rely on scientific research institution and cooperation outside the farm, and the distribution of farm product needed not rely on market.In modern era, traditional agriculture faced with crisis because its old technology and production system could not meet the needs of market, and more and more farms were face with bankruptcy. Rebuilding Chinese traditional agriculture was imperative under the situation.One way to rebuilding Chinese traditional agriculture was introducing into advanced agricultural technology from developed countries. But this introduction of technology was inspired by the demand of national crisis and the development of industry and commerce rather than traditional agriculture. The demand evoked by national crisis caused systeminnovation in which institutions of agricultural instruction and research were set up in modern china. Institutions based on this rationality demand could not promote farm production because they were not able to produce new agricultural technology adapted to farm practice. The demand from industry and commerce had affiliation with farm production practice, but could be easily affected by market fluctuation. So this sort of demand could be benefit to agricultural technological innovation, but incapable of long haul. The demand from farmers needed agricultural spreaders to enlighten.Requirements of new agricultural technology in Chinese modernization urged the formation of three-part-structure agricultural technology innovation system. Technology created from the exterior of the agriculture such as good seeds, fertilizer, pesticide and farm machine began to introduce into agricultural production system. Modern agricultural instruction and research institutions emerged in large cities also. In other words, special sections for agricultural technology introduction, research and development came into being outside the agriculture. Although these sections were quite different from the sections of traditional agriculture in management, source of outlay, aim of production, personnel makings, ideas, and social class, they were the most important part of modern agriculture. Industries consumed the agricultural product set up in cities and increased the market requirement for farm product. These sections shaped the main ch...
Keywords/Search Tags:modern china, agriculture, technological innovation, three-part-structure, trinitarian, system choice
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