Research On Promoting Agricultural Structural Adjustment By Innovation Of Agricultural Science And Technology

In this paper the author tries to probe into the policy and method of accelerating the agricultural scientific and technical innovation, promoting the coordination and unity of scientific and technical innovation and agricultural structural adjustment through the effective means, impelling agricultural growth to change from extensive style to intensive style, from quantity type to quality type, and from the resource structure type to the scientific and technical structure type under the situation of agricultural products supply with structural surplus and production increase but peasants' income decrease.In this paper the methods of macro analysis and micro analysis, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis are combined with the theories of economics and agricultural economics. The details are as follows:1. Combining the empirical study with common reasoning and inductionThe empirical method is mainly applied in analyzing the function of scientific and technical innovation in the agricultural structural adjustment, and agricultural structure change, etc. The impact of grain arrangement change on grain yield is analyzed alternatively and the role of agricultural scientific and technical innovation in agricultural structural adjustment of China is quantitatively measured through the economic models. The normative method is mainly applied in studying the basic principle of scientific and technical innovation and agricultural structural adjustment, mechanism, measures and suggestions of scientific and technical innovation promoting the agricultural structural adjustment.2. Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) and extended Cobb-Douglas production functionIn this paper the Data Envelopment Analysis (namely DEA) is used in estimating the agricultural production function. By using DEA method, the efficiency of agricultural structural adjustment is studied, the relationship between the input in agricultural science and technology and the efficiency of agricultural structural adjustment is discussed. Through the relevant econometric models, the role of agricultural scientific and technical innovation in promoting the agricultural structural adjustment is measured.3. Factors resolving methodThrough designing the index system of the growth of total output of crop production, tiie indexes (such as sown area) reflecting the internal structure of crop fanning are included into this index system and the contributions of structural adjustment to the increasing of crop farming are resolved out.The following conclusions and suggestions are educed from the above research. 1. The agricultural scientific and technical innovation interplays with the agricultural structural adjustment. The industrial structure of agriculture determines the structure of science and technology and vice versa the agricultural scientific and technical innovation drives optimize and upgrading of the industrial structure of agriculture. The law of interaction of agricultural scientific and technical innovation and agricultural structural adjustment is identity, interaction and dynamic balance. The mechanism of interaction of agricultural scientific and technical innovation and agricultural structural adjustment is technical demand mechanism, technicalsupply mechanism, technical diffusion mechanism and innovation promotion mechanism.2. Four explanatory variables such as quantity of personnel engaging in scientific and technological activities of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, number of projects, the funds and the total expenditure (proportion) of R&D funds, can reflect the change of agricultural scientific and technical innovative competence well and have stronger explanation ability to the change of the agricultural structure. Especially, the quantity of personnel engaging in scientific and technological activities of agriculture and funds inputting in agricultural research have remarkable facilitation to optimization and adjustment of agricultural structure. As for crop farming, the increase of output per...