| At present there are few of systematic studies on the motivation of hardworking and being honest and clean in one's official duties of Chinese civil service in academia. For one thing, many research achievements at home and abroad concentrate on the problems of anti-corruption of China; For another, the research on motivation focuses on the field of business operation and management, there is no specialize in motivation of civil service. There is important significance to study systematically on the theory and mechanisms of motivation of civil service at current stage of China. First, it can raise their enthusiasm, initiative and creativeness of civil service. It can also improve the job performance of civil service to establish the high-efficiency and clean government. Second,it can lay a foundation of scientific theory for civil service's management. Third,it can provide the feasile measures for the fourth period leader collective of CPC to establish the efficiency and clean government.The strong influential theory of motivation at home and abroad is the theory of need motivation. The theory of need motivation begins with studying on human need.The motivation is a dynamic process of incentiving needs, initiating action, meeting needs and to realize goals. The theory of needs motivation has its quality of being scientific, it reflects the laws of human psychology and behavior to certain extent. But, the theory of need motivation has its deficiency, it pays attention to person's inner needs, and it ignores the external interest objectives of initiating motives.We think the Marxism's interest theory is the cornerstone of human motivation theory. The need is the seeking tend to the external environment of people's physiology and psychology. It stresses on human's natural quality. The interest contians need,it is the unity of need and object of need. It stresses on person's natural quality, but also stresses on person's social historic quality. Therefore,it is more scientific to take the interest as the most effective motive of human behavior than to take the need as the most effective motive of human behavior. During the social life, the needs of civil service tranform into the interests of civil service, the effective of incentive of needs also tranform into the effective of motivation of interests. The more great the interest is, the more strong the power of motivation to civil servant is. It is also to say if we meet as far as possiblereasonable needs of civil service, we can bring the enthusiasm of civil servant into full play.If analyzing further, the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests is more scientific than the common interest motivation theory. The civil servant's interest is a very complicated network, the interests are reflected in a gross value of a behavior, and the interests are a function of the value. It says concretely, the acivil servant's compound interest of a behavior "/' is expressed:M (Fg) +f (Fr) +f (Fo) +f (Fs) -f (Fn)For example: a policeman "P" has caught a robber robbed a woman "Af' of her wallet, f (Fg) expresses salary that "/?" gets ,the feeling of achievement and different rewards that the organization give him, it contains material benefits as well as mental benefits, but the material benefits are major; f (Fr) expresses the praise that the society gives "P", it is a sort of spiritual benefits; f (Fo) expresses the value of the wallet that lost and found again, it is a sort of material benefit; f (Fs) reflects that the behavior has maintained the social justice and order, so it is valuable to the society, it is a sort of mental benefit; f ( Fn) expresses the price that "P" has paid in this action,so it is reduced.The diffirence of the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests from the theory of the common interest motivation is that it introduces the interest of the feeling of the moral satisfaction bringing to the actor, it is expressed with f (Fm) , f (Fm) =f (Fo) +f (Fs) .The theory of the common interest motivation approachs only f (Fg) and f (Fr) ,namely the direct result of the behavior to the actor, and it doesn't recognize f (Fo) and f (Fs) ,and it considers they have nothing to do with the actor. But the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests thinks that f ( Fo) and f ( Fs) are valuableto the actor, because he has gotten the feeling of the moral satisfaction------even if the sortof people who has only the ordinary moral level, he would feel happy after he has given service to the society and the other people, this happiness is where his interest lies. Like this, the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests has overcome the simplistic that the theory of the common interest motivation considers something only from the angle of the economic interest, and it has bound the individual interest and the social interest together organically.The theory of the common interest motivation doesn't solve the controditions and conflicts between the various subjective of interest ,but the theory of equilibriummotivation of compound interests introduces the interest game mechanism, and has resolved these problems very well. What is called "the interest game"is that people are on the interdependent condition,being a rational person,he must forecast the other's action, then decides his own best behavior strategy in order to come up to the interest equilibrium condition. With regard to civil service, the compound interest equilibrium condition embodies on two aspects: one aspect, the individual interest of civil servant, the interests of the state and the social interests are bound together, given the behavior of the state and the society, the civil servant would come up with the condition of the interest equilibrium through the best behavior strategy. Another aspect, the civil servant comes up with the condition of the relative balance, intergrowth and multi-wins among all sorts of interests. The theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests aims at looking for the high-level equilibrium point of civil servant's interests, state interests and the social interests. Through studying, we found that the high-level equilibrium point of the civil servant's interests, state interests and the social interests lies in: the best behavior strategy of civil serwant is to work hard and to be honest in order to make great achievement, therefore, on the one hand,it raises the revenue of the country, defends the government glories, and it enable the state interest to reach to the high level; On the other hand, the civil serwant supplies good and high-efficency service, and it enables the social interest to the high level; The best behavior strategy of the state is to pay salary according to one's performance ,to set up reward according to one's need, and it can raise the material interests and moral interests of civil serwant to the high level; The social best behavior strategy is to give the highly appraise to civil serwant who has maken great achievement, and it can raise the spiritual or material interests of civil servant. Therefore, the three sides behavior strategies result in the high level equilibrium of the three sides interests.After inspecting the present management mechanisms of Chinese civil service with the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests, we find that there are big or small problems of insufficient motivation or unbalance motivation in several links of civil service management. Such as:the institution of salary; the institution of appraisal; the institution of post classifying; the institution of post going up or down and post appointing and removing; the institution of the accumulation fund of being honest and clean; the institution of rewards and penalties. It need us to reinvent the motivation mechanism of civil service in several links of Chinese civil service management.To enable the three sides of civil servant's individual interests, the state interests and the social interests to come up to the high level equilibrium, there are two key links in civil service management: the institution of salsry of civil service, the institution of appraisal of civil service. To counter the shortcomings of the insufficient motivation in these two links, under the guiding of the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests, we add the performance salary to the present salary items of civil service in order to increase the strength of motivation. From a complete set of the institution of salary of civil service, we must establish the institution of the performance appraisaling of civil servant to pay the salary according to one's performance. In appraisaling we must be just to deal with the civil servant's performance to establish the honesty and credit.To counter the problem of unbalance of the civil service internal motivation and external motivation, we put forward to reinvent the mechanism of the post classflying using the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests. We will focus to resolve two problems: the job design of civil service and the job pressure of civil service. Through job designing, we do our best to diversity the job,to raise the decision-making power and the sense of responsibility of civil servant,and to improve the relationships.We must change the phenomenon of dull,dry and repetition in the current work of civil service to raise the degree of pleasure of civil service.Through the job design, we maintain a reasonable work pressure level, it is beneficial for civil service to make achievement, to obtain the bigger inner interests.In order to change the phenomenon of pay attention to the material interests motivationa and looking down on the spiritual interests motivation of civil service,the countermeasures that we put forward are to perfect the institution of post going up or down and the institution of going to one's post through competition,to arouse the bigger and stronger self-respected and the sense of honour, to give civil service incentives to make the contributions and merits for the country and people.To counter the problem of unbalance of motivation of the current interests motivation and the long-term interests motivation, according to the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests, we must establish the institution of promissory right of hardworking and being honest and clean to one's duty. This promissory right is accumulated at ordinary working times, its sum should establish close contact with expression of hardworking and being clean,as well as the performance of civil service, itmust avoid the equalitarianism. Once the civil servant breaks the laws and violates the disciplines ,his promissory right is confiscated and turned over to the state treasury. The institution of promissory right of hardworking and being honest and clean to one's duty aims at setting up the enduring effect motivation mechanism.In order to resolve the problem of unbalance of the positive motivation and the negative motivation, we design twelve sorts of reward of civil service, and strive to fine all sorts of reward terms, so that it is serviceability. In addition, in order to perfect the institution of punishment further, we sort out and sum up seven sorts of form of punishment to civil service.There is the law of case and effect between the scientific theory of motivation and the high-efficiency and clean government. We study the theory of equilibrium motivation of compound interests of civil service and its applying, in order to speed up the growing of the clean and high-efficiency and good performance government. It can give a fresh impetus to the great cause of establishing the comfortably-off society in an all-round way.
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