Communist Party Of China, The Development Of Democratic Policy Choice

The contemporary Chinese democracy is a form of political management which, guaranteed by laws and institutions, exerting a variety of forms of democracy, is based on the rules of liberty, equality, and majority to realize the rights of the citizens within the political frame which was built up by the guidance of the Communist Party of China(the CPC). Such kind of Chinese democracy is the one which the CPC devote itself to promote since it was founded 80 years ago. From then on, the CPC has been applying the Marxist concept of democracy to the specific practice of China, and at last made the practice of democracy claimed by the CPC step into a prior form of democracy, i.e. the socialist democracy. The practice of democracy led by the CPC, which fully mobilized the lowest masses, though experienced severe setback, withstood the trials and tribulations of practices. So if we examine this democratic practice--a choice which is accordant with the situation of China--from a long process of history, there would be several continuous eminent characteristics which have been evolving until nowadays. It is just because of these characteristics of the democracy claimed by the CPC that form the reasons which this thesis names this kind of democracy as the democracy of Chinese pattern.Since the 15th National Congress of the CPC, the leadership of the Party, rule by the people and rule of law combine into the fundamental rules to guide the development of democracy, and from then on, the present situation of the development of the democracy of Chinese pattern brings us much more consideration. The CPC is the leader of the development of the Chinese democracy, so the key point which the CPC considers and practices democracy is its policy choices. So the study of the CPC's policy choices becomes a unique angle of view, and this thesis will take this key point as a clue to explore the development of the Chinese democracy.This essay includes the introduction, main text and conclusion, and the main text will be divided into six chapters as the following:The introduction clarifies the study object and its boundary, designates the basic connotation of the democracy of Chinese pattern. And the democracy of Chinese pattern, which still need to be perfected, nowadays actually is the socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics, and is the right choice suitable for China's situation and the road of China's development. This part also introduces briefly the significance of this exploration, the study status, and the method of this inquiry.The first chapter discusses the relationship between the policies of the Executive Party and the development of democracy. Because the policies of the Executive Party have great impact on political development, the policies of the Executive Party will function through some paths in the process of the development of democracy. This chapter will explore this kind of relationship and put forward some general theories, which include theory of policy, the theory of the Executive Party, the theory of policy choices and the theory of the development of democracy, the theory of paths which describes the functions of the Executive Party in the process of the development of democracy. These analyses construct the theory base of the whole thesis.The second chapter introduces the theory foundation of the CPC's polices of democracy. We will discuss how the policy choices start, how to form and how to evolve. It will be indispensable and has the significance of putting up the study frame if we probe this issue and explore its theoretic base. The CPC takes Marxism as its guidance, so the direct theoretic base for policies of democracy is the democracy concept of Marxism. Lenin put forward his basic ideas about how to build up the proletariat's own democratic regime after Russia's Revolution in 1917. These concepts directly influenced the CPC's consideration on setting up what kind of democracy. So we can see that the CPC's practices of democracy inherited and developed above mentioned concepts.The third chapter discusses the CPC's policy choices for the development of democracy during the new-democratic revolution. As we know, in order to develop democracy, the first basic objective reality which the CPC should face is China's unique situation. In different historical periods of the new-democratic revolution era, the CPC as a local regime applied the concept of Marxism to the democratic practice and designed two forms of the development of democracy. The CPC who was persisting in the idea of democracy for workers and peasants, and who was devoting itself to realize this idea, directly led the foundation of the Soviet Regime. In the thirty to forty years of the twentieth century, the CPC designed another form of democracy, according to the development of the situation, named Shan-Gan-Ning Border Area democracy after rethinking the Soviet pattern of democracy.The fourth chapter discusses the CPC's policy choices for the development of democracy at the initial stage of coming into power. The CPC made a series of policies, rules to promote the building of new China's democracy. And the experiences which had been aggregated during the Democratic Revolution Era, at last became the important theory which would guide the newly built state's democracy development. At first the CPC successfully explored the way to the development of democracy, but later, this kind of exploration drift the right course of the development of democracy, and caused serious setback. The main reason for such setback is the wrong policies which closely linked to the conversional cognition towards the part orientation of the national bourgeoisie.The fifth chapter concerns about the relationship between the rational policy choices and China's democracy development. After experiencing the democracy achievements and setbacks (especially the great destruction to the democracy during the Culture Revolution period), the CPC rethought China's democracy development course after the third Plenary Session of the 11th Central committee. The development of democracy plan made by Den xiaoping, one of the core leaders of the second generation of the CPC, became the basic rule to guide the development of democracy in the new era. The CPC as the Executive Party came into being some common understanding about the choice of gradual democracy, and the gradual development of democracy showed some new characteristics under the guidance of the CPC.The sixth chapter discusses the policy choices of the Executive Party in the new century. The new historical condition brings forward more specific inherent prescripts about the policy choices for the development of democracy of the CPC. This chapter will give a preliminary research on these inherent prescripts. And we can find that the CPC's perceptions about the development of democracy tend to be more and more mature.The conclusion relates to several issues which are correlative to the democratic policy choices. And this essay argues that the CPC's policy choices would influence greatly the development of democracy in China.