The Comparison Study Of Modernization Between China And India

China and India are both developing countries with the most population in the world, two countries have long history and splendid ancient civilization. They got rid of the historical experience of domestic trouble and foreign invasion after world warâ…¡, and go to modern road to run after modern civilization on the same poor and weak foundation. During the recent fifty years, China and India gain a great deal of constructive achievement on the road of the modernization,and are facing reform and development today. China and India have so many similarities, so it is significant for our modern construction by comparing and analyzing the gain and loss of these two rising powers in modern process. But the researches of present domestic and international scholars are not satisfying. This paper begins with analyzing the historical process of the modernization of China and India, compares and researches the economic modernization, political modernization and cultural modernization of two countries, summarizes the development rule and experience lesson of modernization of two countries, in order to get new knowledge.The research object of this paper decided this paper must adopt the comparison and the multidisciplinary approaches. This program begins with the concept of modernization and establishes the content of modern comparison of China and India through the comment for various modern theories. Utilize the comparison approach of Marxism and modern theories, compare research the modern process of two countries on the view of the human history development evolution, and go deep into annotation and analyze for the modern pattern of two countries. Theories and methodologies governing such disciplines as economics, politics, history and sociology will be flexibly applied in this paper. In addition, others governing the law and education will also be integrated.This paper takes up with the comparison of the modernization of two countries. The paper first elaborates the initial condition of the modernization of two countries---China and India. Through the comparison of research of natural condition, population condition and the condition of social organization structure and cultural tradition etc., accordingly educing the initial condition of the modern relative disadvantage of two countries that has, it decides the task of the modernization is more formidable after the independence of two countries. Since the national conditions of two countries are different, its initial condition is also different. But according to homeland national conditions, every country has right to select own development road, however, realizing social overall advance on the foundation of high developed production power is the only way modernization must pass that can not be transcended. Then, according to the limit of modern content, comparing and analyzing the economic modernization, political modernization and cultural modernization of two countries.About the economic modernization of two countries China and India. Drawing a conclusion through comparing the industrialization and the agricultural modernization of two countries: Determine industrialization road must stand homeland national conditions, raise strongpoint and avoid short; Determine industrialization road must put eyes in the whole world , stress characteristic; Reform and opening is the accelerator of modern process; Land reform is the prerequisite of agricultural modernization; Booming farming with science and technology is the ultimate way of agricultural development; Problems about Agriculture,Ruralareas and Peasantry are the most important in the all important things. About the political modernization of two countries China and India. Through analyzing the national structure, political structural frame and political party system etc. of two countries, summarizing the development characteristic and experience lesson of the political modernization of two countries. Thereby drawing a conclusion: The option of political system must stand homeland national conditions; Politics stabilization is the overall situation of overwhelming everything; The different political system offers the different modern international environment. About the cultural modernization of two countries China and India. Through analyzing the modernization of the educational development of science and technology and traditional cultural of two countries, thereby drawing a conclusion: The development of science and technology is the key that realizes modernization; Education is the prerequisite condition that realizes modernization; Culture transition is the universal rule that realizes modernization.The research of this paper shows, the scientific concept of development is the strategic option modernization of two countries. Fundamentally modern process is the course that transits from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society, is a various process that mainly focuses on economy and changes in political, ideological, cultural and social life every field simultaneity. Economy, politics and culture are a dialectics unity in any society. In which, economy is the foundation of social development, politics is the guarantee of social development, culture is dominant of social development. If it keeps the sustainment of the modern process, every field can coordinated development. Therefore, the scientific concept of development is the correct strategic option of modernization of two countries. The key of social modernization is the modernization of person. According to the viewpoint of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, the modernization society and person is two aspects of course. The social modernization means the modernization of person, similarly, the modernization of person also means the social modernization. The relation between both of them is the social modernization decides the modernization of person and the modernization of person advances the society modernization. Now, human society has entered knowledge economic times, the modern development of any country must be switched to the manpower capital type developing mode, that is realizing the modernization of person has become the foundation of other all modernizations. A country can be just called modern country only as its people is the modern person and its national people changes modern personality from idea to behavior, China and India are no exception.Though China and India have a lot of resemblance in the aspects of developing strategic pattern and economic system, but since two countries adopt different social system, generally the achievement of Chinese modern development exceed India greatly after China has built the country for more than 50 years. This judgement is established the foundation as the comparison of each aspect such as the initial condition of the modernization, economic modernization, political modernization, cultural modernization of two countries China and India. The modern process of Indian society is slow relatively, undoubtedly being attributed to capitalist private ownership, state monopoly capitalism and Indian peculiar cultural system (such as religious etc.). Though Indian overall development level is lower than Chinese, India has many experience that developing country can study carefully include China in the aspects of sustainment, fairness, harmonies and social stabilization of pursuing development. The comparison of the modernization of two countries China and India gives us the most important revelation: The modern development of two countries has own advantage, only mutually learning and mutual benefit can we realize social modernization as soon as possible.