City "dual Structure" From The Division To The Integration Of The New Political Economy Analysis

As the deepen promotion of industrialization and urbanization since reform, a large number of rural surplus labor enter into city becoming an important part of China's industrial workers. But because of the household registration system and other institutional barriers, rural workers are force into the third group between urban residents and farmers. China's migrant workers has reached 153 million,2010, who have made a great contribution to the cities while can't get fair welfare and treatment on labor, security, housing, education for their children etc.. Thus the "new dual structure" has been formed, with the city residents as one layer and the immigrant as another layer, which is harmful to both society's justice and harmonious and the city's sustainable development, presenting a serious challenge to the governmental management of society.As the country's economic center and the population center, Shanghai has been ranked first both in the total resident population and migrant resident population, having obvious issues of "new dual structure". And Shanghai has being exploring effective ways to promoting social integration, such as making policy of residential permit. Therefore study on Shanghai's problem of "new dual structure" is instructive and practical to other cities.Resolving problems of "new dual structure" is not only a sociological problem, but also an economic problem and a political problem relating to the urban areas, rural areas, the residents, the immigrants, the enterprises, and the government as well. Existing research is very rich, especially on study of the current situation and obstacles of social integration from a sociological perspective. While research from economic or political perspective is rare, in particular, lack of study on the role of government and other interest groups and the policy-making mechanism, which leaves room for this study.With a new study perspective of "new political economics" and tools of modern economics, the thesis focuses on government's behavior about the segmentation and integration, trying to reveal the "black box" of government's decision-making mechanism. Specific studies are as follows:(1) Elaborate the background and the significance of this study, and proposed the basic considerations of adopting a new perspective of political economics. (2) In the case of Shanghai, describe the basic characteristics of the "new dual structure" phenomenon.(3) Around the question "what have the government done", comb the policies about segmentation and integration, as analyzing the track of new dual structure's production, curing, deepen and loose. Generalize and put forward the obstacle system, which is three layers of institutional barriers with the shell of household registration system.(4) Around the question "why is the government doing", try to explain the Interest-driven and decision-making mechanism, and reveal the "black box" behind. Specifically, build Interest group model and rational government model respectively, attempting to explain government's behavior from two aspects:one assumption is that the government only acts on the effects of interests groups; the other is that the government has own preferences and interests. Through analyzing, found the new dual structure's basic changing pattern from segmentation to integration under the government's rational behavior, and explain the macro and micro factors that influence government policy-making.(5) Around the question "what should the government do", point out that it's time to promote integration, discuss the possible path and put forward that the key point is not the reforming of household registration system but the expanding of the basic public service.(6) Around the question "how should the government do", propose systematic suggestions on accelerating the integration, especially paying much attention to improving the overall institutional environment form the higher level of reform system.