Study On The Reform Of Running Model Of Rural Vocational Education And Training

Rural issue has been a crucial issue in Chinese economic and social development. In order to settle the issue, Chinese central government has consecutively for9years set "rural-related issues" as the theme of "No.1Document of Central Government". The key to solve the problem of rural issue is increasing income of rural population and improving rural population's national treatment by raising their human resources accumulation level and offering them more development opportunities via various approaches.At present, rural vocational education assumes the major responsibility of rural population education and training, mainly including regular secondary vocational education, diverting training service for rural surplus labor force, agriculture extension service and training on entrepreneurship educaiton in rural areas. Since rural vocational education covers a wide range and the whole system is complicated, rural vocational education is encountered with many obstacles.Based on the present situation and problems in Chinese rural vocational education development, the study shows that school running model reform is the focal point of rural vocational education. It is designed to bring forward the goal, contents and measures for the school running model reform of rural vocational education through the investigation and analysis of political, economic and social environment.We discuss the theoretic issues of running model of vocational education from two angles:the first is "the influence of mode of production on vocational education running model", the second is "the embeddedness of vocational education running model". In the first subdivision, it is discussed the forms of school running model in the mode of production for4phases of era of handicraft industry, era of pre-industrial economy, era of developed industrial economy and era of knowledge economy. Since the school running model of vocational education is under the influence of mode of production and decided by it, so we had different school running model in different era of production model.In the second one, the theory of embeddedness is introduced. From this theoretical point of view, it is analyzed the features of embeddedness of vocational education running model in economic and social environment. We illustrate this issue from three parts:first, embeddedness theory is an important tool to interpret the relationship between running model of vocational education and society and economy; second, we can tell the embedding feature of running model of vocational education; thirdly, we can analyze the embedding feature of the running model from different angles.We recalled the history of the running model of rural vocational education and training, including the facts, experience and lessons. From different models we rural education experiment in the period of Republic of China, the school running model of rural vocational education reform and development after the year of1949("From Commune, Back to Commune" and"Half Agricultural Work and Half Theory Study"), school running model of "Taking three types of education(General Education.Vocational Education and Adult Education) as a whole" and "Combination of Agriculture,Science and Education", the school running model of vocational education center for county level and the school running model of urban-rural integration process. It is also analyzed the features and rules for the historical development of rural vocational education running model from the theoretical point of view.The background study examines the political, economic and social environment of rural vocational education running model reform and development in the present situation. The embedding environment desires to expand the function, enhance the quality and stress the regional diffrence of the rural vocational education. The reform of rural vocational education should focus on school running system, governing system, funding system, education model and contents. In the countermeasure part, we raise that we should stress the functions of government and the cooperation mechanism between different departments of government, reform the training model and financing model of rural vocational education, and we should also have scientific expectation of the reform.Based on the previous discussion we come to a crucial conclusion:it is the rate of fitness of a vocational school running model to the social and economical environment the decides. A successful model of rural vocational eduction in one area may be fail when transplant to other areas. So the principle of choosing a running model is "the most fitting is the best".The appendix part is divided into two parts. The first part is the case study of "Ten, Hundred, Thousand and Ten Thousand"project. This part is dedicated to the analysis of de-embeddedness of the running model of "Ten, Hundred,Thousand and Ten Thousand"project, as well as the lessens drawn from the failure. It is analyzed the influence, result and the reason that caused the failure by examining its background, contents and features in its political, economic and social environment. The second part is a case study of a county-level vocational education center. As a typical case, Yueyang Vocational Education Center in Hunan is chosen to study its running model reform exploration. The organizer of the reform has gained some valuable experience while missed some important parts. From the case study, we raise that the running model of vocational education should jump out of the dilemma of unsustainable development and dilemma of the cooperation between departments, get rid of the over-dependentness on government, and search for scientific scheme and countermeasures for the reform of the running model of rural vocational education and training.