A Study Of Inclusive Education Practice-Analysis Of The Experience Of Inclusive Education In UK And U.S.A

Inclusive Education is a new trend of thought in international education in international society in 1990' s. It is concerned with the quest for equity, social justice and participation and combats against all forms of barriers of discrimination and exclusion in education practice. Reasons that cause injustices are very complicated, involving many factors in religion, race, sex, language, education and intelligence. The discrimination and exclusion do exist in education practice in UK and USA , as well as in Chinese education practice.The principle of inclusive education was adopted at the World Conference on Special Needs Education: Access and Quality (Salamanca, Spain, 1994) and was restated at the World Education Forum (Dakar, Senegal, 2000). The five principles of inclusion which involve valuing all students and staff equally, increasing the participation of students in, and reducing their exclusion from, the cultures, curricula and communities of local schools are further supported by the UN Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities proclaiming participation and equality for all. The inclusive education, aiming at the discrimination and exclusion in education practice, believes that every child has the fundamental right to education, and must be given the opportunity to achieve and maintain an acceptable level of learning. Education systems should be designed and educational programs implemented to take into account the wide diversity of these characteristics and needs.After more than ten years hard working, the idea of inclusive education has been adopted by many countries all over the world and the practice of inclusive education are further developed.The implementation of Inclusive Education in the USA and UK are advanced than that in other countries. The practice of inclusive education, facilitated by the government of USA and UK from policy and law perspective, aim at the elimination of discrimination and exclusion in education practice and further integrate children with disabilities into mainstream school, thereby increasing the accessibility and inclusion of all children.Integrative Education practice was carried out in China in 1980' s ( so called' Sui ban jiu du' in Chinese, which means: follow the normal class and study) and some experiences and achievements have been got from it. But its effect is much less than that in European countries and the USA. The implementation in some districts in China didn' t reach the height of inclusive education. So the introduction of inclusive education practice in the USA and UK will have great effect on Chinese practice.These studies review the historical background of Inclusive Education proclaimed by UNSCO, trying to grasp the development of inclusive education all over the world from global perspectives. These studies also analyses the theoretical bases of inclusive education as an international thought from the perspectives of multiculturalism and sociology, and review the historical evolvement and developmental process of inclusive education practice in UK and USA. These studies also explore the follow issues as the support and guarantee of politics and law to the practice of inclusive education in UK and USA, the diversity and flexibility of the school curriculum and instruction, teacher training and qualification, parents' participation and choices, diversification of financial support. In the end, these studies, based on the analysis and comparative study of the inclusive education practice in UK and USA and integrative education practice in China, put forward the feasibility and prospect of the implementation of inclusive education in China.