Change Of Renal Tissue Micro-structure In Rats Resulted From Load Training And Mechanisms Of Molecule Regulation

Ischemia and reperfusion injury is an ubiquitous and complicated process. Renal is a high perfusion organ and is very sensitive to ischemia and reperfusion injury. The redistribution of blood among organs in exercise results in the increase of blood volume in muscle and decrease in renal, which is called the sports renal ischemia. The renal blood volume recoveries after exercise forms the reperfusion following the sports renal ischemia. Therefore, the change of blood volume during the two period of exercise and recovery induces the whole period of renal ischemia and reperfusion.Cytokines plays a very important role in ischemia and reperfusion injury found in recent years studies. The Cytokines is abnormal active and the dynamic balance of inflammation inhibitor and inflammation promoter in normal state is broken up during ischemia and reperfusion process. At present, the excess expression of cytokines reckoned as the foundation of inflammation and apoptosis of cells. The group of inflammation inducing cytokines including IL-1,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-18 is closely related in function and also plays a very important role in ischemia and reperfusion injury. IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-αresulted from ischemia and reperfusion could induce in the proliferation of the renal inherent cells, stimulate the expression of adhesive molecules and produce more Extracellular matrix, as a results the Extracellular matrix metabolism is changed and the structure and function of tissue and cells is influenced directly. As the progress of studying in cellular metabolism and function, it is found that Extracellular matrix build up the upport materials of tissues and cells and the fill-up tissues of cell interstice as well as plays a very important role to the proliferation,differentiation,metabolism,movement,signal conduction and so on. The quality and quantity of Extracellular matrix changes will result in the environment alteration of cells and influence cells function and organ figure directly. Therefore, the studying in the metabolism of function and organ reperfusion injury resulted from exercise.But at present, the studying in the effects of exercise on cytokines mainly focus on the level of cytokines in blood and urine. There is no direct report on the expression of renal cytokines and related gene by now. The research of the influence of exercise on Extracellular matrix metabolism is carried out mainly in the tissues of bone,skeletal muscle,tendor and heart which is directly related with exercise. The studying of effects of exercise on renal Extracellular matrix metabolism has no reports till now. Therefore, the studying in the effects of load training and exercise on the expression of cytokines and related gene as well as renal Extracellular matrix metabolism changes, will has significant meaning for the studying in the pathogenesis of load training and sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury onset at the level of cell,molecule and gene, counteraction and prevention of overload training onset as well as avoiding harmful effects on sports capacity and health.The experiment studied the changes and effects of inflammatory cytokines protein and gene expression in serum and renal tissues during ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from load training and provided molecule biological basis for the further studying in the pathogenesis of load training and sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury onset at the level of cell,molecule and gene. The experiment studied the changes and effects of ECM during ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from load training and provided basis and new studying targets for the further studying in the pathogenesis of load training and sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury onset at the level of cell and molecule. Furthermore, with the studying the cytokines protein and gene expression in serum and renal tissues and the changes of ECM during ischemia and reperfusion renal injury, the research expounded the relation and effects of cytokines and ECM during sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury and had further illumination of the complication and network character of the pathogenesis of load training and sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury onset.1.Load training resulting in the decrease of renal function of rats,the damage to the microstructure of renal tissues,changes of tissues pathology and significant increase of IL-1βin serum and renal tissues as well as significant increase of IL-1βmRNA in renal tissues. The expression of IL-1βhad positive correlation with the increase of BUN and SCr. This indicated that IL-1βmight play some role in ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from overload training. The level of IL-1βin serum were a suitable indexes that could evaluate the degree of sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury.2.The level of TNF-αin serum and renal tissues of the rats in load training group was significantly higher than it in control and middle exercise intensity group. The TNF-αmRNA in renal tissues increased significantly too in load training group and TNF-αexpression had a positive correlation with BUN and Cr. It proved that the increase of TNF-αexpression resulted from overload training had closely relation with mia and reperfusion renal injury. The TNF-αexpression increased resulted from load training expression had a positive correlation with BUN and Cr. It proved that the increase of TNF-αexpression resulted from overload training had closely relation with mia and reperfusion renal injury. The TNF-αexpression increased resulted from load training not only at the level of TNF-αprotein but also at the level of TNF-αgene. The level of IL-1βin serum can be used as indexes of the degree of sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury.3.Load training resulting in the decrease of renal function of rats,the damage to the microstructure of renal tissues,changes of tissues pathology and significant increase of IL-6 in serum and renal tissues as well as significant increase of IL- IL-6mRNA in renal tissues. The expression of IL-6 was correlated positively with the increase of BUN and SCr. This indicated that IL-6 might play some role in ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from load training. The level of IL-6 in serum were a suitable indexes that could evaluate the degree of sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury.4.Load training resulting in the decrease of renal function of rats,the damage to the microstructure of renal tissues,changes of tissues pathology and significant increase of IL-18 in serum and renal tissues as well as significant increase of IL-18mRNA in renal tissues. The expression of IL-18 had positive correlation with the increase of BUN and SCr. This indicated that IL-18 might play some role in ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from load training. The level of IL-18 in serum were a suitable indexes that could evaluate the degree of sports ischemia and reperfusion renal injury.5.Load training resulted in the abnormal metabolism of ECM in glomerulus and ECM deposition enhancement and ECM deposition was correlated positively with BUN and SCr. It demonstrated that the ECM deposition enhancement resulted from load training had closely relation with ischemia and reperfusion renal injury. ECM deposition might play some role in ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from overload training.6.ECM deposition enhancement in glomerulus with the ischemia and reperfusion renal injury resulted from load training was closely correlated with the high expression of cytokine. load training induced Immunoreaction and activated renal inflammatory cells. The activated renal inflammatory cells proliferated and released inflammatory mediator and ECM and as a result it damaged kidney. Inflammatory mediator and ECM had a counteraction to inflammatory cells. Therefore, the effects of the"cross talk"among inflammatory cells,inflammatory mediator and ECM induced and enhanced generation and evolution of ischemia and reperfusion renal injury.7.The renal function and microstructure of renal tissues of rats in the middle exercise intensity group were normal and had no changes of tissues pathology. The expression level of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-18 in serum and renal tissues and the expression level of IL-1βmRNA,IL-6mRNA,TNF-αmRNA and IL-18mRNA in renal tissues in the middle exercise intensity group had no significantly difference compared with it in control group. The ECM metabolism of the rats in the middle exercise intensity group were normal and there was no ECM deposition enhancement in this group.