| Social institution is prerequisite to ensure the continuous development of societyand for its progress. Any kind of social system's arrangement is not carried out caraullybut by certain value idea .It must follow some ethical requirements and reflect thespecific system of ethics. Compulsory education system is the state's fundamentaleducation system, which directly determines the overall quality of all citizens, beingrelated to their survival and development,affecting the country's overall level ofeconomic and social development and individual lifetime happiness. It should reflect themaximum impartiality and become the starting point and ultimate destination of choosingother education policy .Therefore, justice is the basic principle of values to judge thereasonableness of compulsory education system. However, justice is an overall abstractconception, usually embodied through the specific ethical values such as "efficiency,equality, humanism". The three values are mutual contact between both, but also relativeseparation, they are united in the fair value of the compulsory education system. Thefocus of the three ethical values are different during different historical periods andtimes.Determination of the length of compulsory education is an important design aspectof compulsory education system, it must reflect the ethical values of justice of thecompulsory education system either, in line with specific ethical values as "efficiency,equality, humanism ". Only in line with the value of "efficiency, equality, humanism " isthe length of compulsory education fair and reasonable. Whereas "efficiency, equality,humanism " remains an abstract level, Only by giving its ethical connotation at realitylevel can it be operational. Otherwise, it is difficult to judge the value of it. Thecompulsory education system relates to the government, society, school, family andindividual, School is a agency to implement the Government's will ,so the fundamentalinterests of both are the same. Parents are the guardians of children to receivecompulsory education, their basic interests are also consistent. Therefore, judging fromthe benefit compatibility, there exist three interests body as society ,citizens and government related to compulsory education. Different interests body have differentaspirations and values. As for Society, the main purpose of the implementation ofcompulsory education is to meet the needs of social development, the pursuit ofefficiency is its main value pursuit. For citizens, to receive compulsory education is aright, equality is the main value orientation. As for the Government, to implement thecompulsory education is a matter of responsibility , humanism is the core value.Therefore, meeting the needs of social development (the trait of adaption of need),protection of civil educational rights(the trait of adaption of rights ) and fulfillment of thegovernment's responsibility(the trait of adaption of responsibility) should be the practicalbasis and ethical standards to determine the years of compulsory education.Whereas"efficiency, equality, humanism " is the basic value idea behind. The length ofcompulsory education is reasonable only by fully satisfying the needs of socialdevelopment, effectively protecting the fundamental rights of citizens and completelyfulfilling the government's public responsibilities and by implementation the value of"efficiency, equality, humanism " .A reasonable number of years of compulsoryeducation system is a fair compulsory education system.From perspective of three practical ethical standard of " need, rights andresponsibility" ,we find that nine-year compulsory education system has gradually metthe basic need of the development of social productive forces industries for the laborer'scultural qualities, improving the efficiency of social productivity and socio-economics; ithas also ensured the educational rights of citizens to survival and development,embodying the full equality and proportion equality ; it has fulfilled the Government'spolitical and administrative responsibilities, defining the humane governing philosophyand strategy for running the country. To some extent, it has met the needs of socialdevelopment, protected of citizens the rights to education and fulfilled the government'spublic responsibilities.At the same time, it has embodied the values of "efficiency,equality and humanism", so it has its historical legitimacy.With the pace of social transformation of our country continually accelerated,nine-year compulsory education system is in a gradual plight of the "efficiency, equality, humanism" .The value plight of efficiency is that the basic cultural qualities of laborercan not adapt to the rapid development and changing requirements of industrialdevelopment. As a result, the improvement of social productivity and economicefficiency is restricted; The value plight of Equality is that it cannot ensure the survivaland development rights of citizens to education so that the idea of full equality andproportion equality is questioned; The value plight of humanism is that it cannot fullyimplement the Government's political and administrative responsibilities so as to fullyreflect the idea and practice of humanism. This illustrates that the nine-year compulsoryeducation system is difficult to achieve greater value of "efficiency, equality, humanism ",there has been unreasonable time issues.To extend the period of compulsory education can more fully meet the need ofintelligent machine productivity and social development to the cultural qualities of thelaborers, and further improve efficiency of the social production and economics; It canmore effectively protect the survival and development rights of citizens to education andgive more free space to individual survival and development; It can more strengthenedthe government's political and administrative responsibilities as to really embody thevalue of humanism, if so, it can fully realize the value of efficiency, ensure the valueequality and embody the value of humanism. "The overall planning and designment;increasing educational investment and putting into effect step by step; graduallyimplementating and steady making progress" should be reasonable strategic choice takento extend the length of compulsory education.
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