| The development of China,s economy and society in 21st century imminently requires constructing the adaptive higher education system. As the footstone and axes of modern society development, higher education plays more important, direct and powerful role than ever in talent cultivation, scientific research and direct service to society, shoulders more and more important mission uplift the all-round improvement of politics, economy, science, technology and culture in China, and the role will become more conspicuous in the near foreseeable future. Whereas, after the accumulation for half a century, the present development of China,s higher education is facing a dilemma between dimension and quality. Viewed from nowadays, China,s higher education has already primarily formed the education structure that adapts to the economy and society development need, with complete subjects, various forms and the tendency to be relatively reasonable. However, with the expedition of economic system adjustment and modernization steps, the conflicts existed in higher learning education system guided by the principle of adapting to planning economy becomes more and more prominent. Higher education is facing the historic task that it actively research new development route to adapt to the need of speeding the pace of reforming and opening to outside world and modern construction, aiming to have dimension go through a higher development, structure more reasonable, quality and efficiency pronouncedly improved.The higher education development rules state that the development of higher education has to confirm its development type and structure, dimension and speed according to the practical need of economy construction and social development, comprehensively put into consideration the possible condition that the nation and society could supply, so as to actualize the close combination of the higher education development and economic society development. In 1994, the State Department stated clearly the requirement and implement proposals to higher education in"China,s Education Reform and Development Compendium", which emphasizes that higher education development should stick on the route of meaning development, striving for uplifting education managing quality. Based on our nation,s situation, higher education schools have experienced spanning development in quantity and dimension in recent years, but the speed will gradually slow down lately. After the primary accumulation phase of extension development, higher education will have to go through inner adjustment in higher education system structure. Meaning development will be the ultimate choice of our nation's higher education development.Problems facing China,s higher education are comprehensive, profound and systematic. How to enhance the regional higher education quality under the present higher education resources to its optimization and so achieve the relative balance of higher education among regions has been the key point to contemporary higher education development. Higher education regional optimization is the practical requirement proposed by the higher education development imbalance, and the strategic choice of building creation-oriented nation. With view to our nation,s situation and higher education development tendency, the research into regional higher education development has become stringent. China,s higher education development depends on the regional higher education development; the latter depends on the optimized integration of regional higher education resources. Problems of many aspects exist in higher education regional optimization. On the basis of analyzing those problems and their causes, this paper applies comprehensively the research results of systematic theory, collaborative theory and functional theory, systematically tidy up the inner meaning, essentials, objectives and principle of higher education regional optimization, trying to construct the theoretic system of higher education regional optimization, expecting to boost our nation,s regional higher education development.This paper has eight chapters.Chapter one is the summary of the regional nature and optimization of higher education development, aiming to clarify the content, uniqueness and meaning of higher education regional optimization. This chapter first defines some concepts related to higher education like regional optimization, regional nature of higher education, higher education regional optimization, on the basis of which, this chapter systematically illustrates the content, characteristics and meaning of higher education regional optimization.Chapter two is the anatomy to higher education problems and higher education regional optimization problems, aiming to supply the higher education with clear practical problem awareness, which is the logic starting point of this paper.This chapter starts from our nation,s higher education problems to higher education regional development problems and then to higher education regional optimization, on down the line, and analyzes in detail the problems in some aspects of higher education regional optimization and the importance those problems play in the whole higher education system. The paper tries to analyze the reasons that caused those problems, offering conditions for solving higher education regional optimization problems. The quality of higher education regional optimization directly affects that of our nation,s higher education and has grand meanings for solving higher education regional optimization. Chapter three is to talk about the theoretical foundation for higher education regional optimization, aiming to construct a solid theoretical basis for higher education regional optimization. There are three theoretical foundations for higher education regional optimization: systemic theory, structural function theory and collaborative theory. This chapter exposes the theory foundations for constructing higher education regional optimization from the inner connotation of systemic theory, structural function theory and collaborative theory, the meaning they have in managerial philosophy and the inspiration they have on higher education optimization.Chapter four is about the pattern and model of higher education regional optimization, solving"how-to"matters in higher education regional optimization. Viewed from the research and optimization practices our nation has done in higher education regional optimization, generally speaking, there are three types and patterns in higher education regional optimization, which are guided programming, functional structuring, and spatial structuring. Apparently these three types and patterns are not all the higher education regional optimization can have; but no doubt, they form the principal optimization pattern in regional higher education. This chapter proposes several mathematical models frequently used in higher education regional optimization assessment: comprehensive systematic integrative coordination pattern; research on industry value share pattern based on regional convergence; analysis on China,s modern region convergence type.Chapter five is about the objectives and principles of higher education regional optimization, aiming to analyze the"should-do"in higher education regional optimization. The objectives of higher education regional optimization consist of national objectives and local objectives. This paper asserts that, viewed from property, national objectives crown all and are general and universal specifications to higher education development objectives, having certain abstract quality, while local objectives point to partial area, and are concrete and specific provision for higher education development objectives, having individual nature. Universality is the abstraction and summary of peculiarity, offering general guidance for peculiarity. Meanwhile, peculiarity is the concrete performing form of universality. Therefore, partial objectives cannot run against overall objectives. The realization of the latter relies on that of the former, with the former being the approach to the latter. Principles for higher education regional optimization conclude adjusting measures to local conditions, being flexible with varieties, being active with differences, etc. The end of the chapter analyzes the limitation of higher education regional optimization.Chapter six is about the creations in higher education system with optimized regions, aiming to do some creative research in higher education regional optimization mechanism. Creations in higher education regional optimization system conclude school running system creation, investment system creation, management system creation, etc. among which school running system creation is the key, investment system creation is the motivation, management system creation is the guarantee. The construction of these three creation system ensures the possibility and sustainment of higher education regional optimization.Chapter seven is about the practical research into the higher education regional optimization development, trying to offer factual reference for higher education regional optimization from two dimensions of experience accumulation of developed countries and some regions in China and to summarize the experiences. Higher education regional optimization is a systematic project, which involves not only the optimization of the inner essential factors in regional higher education, but also the comprehensive function of many a factor in the successful enforcement of higher education regional optimization development. Spoken from the outer part, the political, economic and cultural factors in which regional higher education is located should offer optimal development conditions for regional higher education; Spoken from the inner part, the essential factors of regional higher education should develop in coordination, enabling higher education system to exert optimal function. This chapter summarizes the precious experiences of domestic and foreign higher education regional optimization from the mutual action between regional economy and higher education regional optimization, the cooperation of regional higher education, and the actualization of the social services by regional higher education.Chapter eight is about researches on development strategies of higher education regional optimization, trying to propose a feasible higher education regional optimization strategy based on the former theoretical and practical analysis. This chapter first analyzes, from aspects of economic industry, scientific zone, social culture, administrative policy, people quality, management level, regional higher education cooperation, and regional vocation education development, some questions higher education regional optimization usually has to pay attention to, and then proposes two approaches to higher education regional optimization: active optimization and passive optimization. Active optimization is the structural optimization of regional higher education, the features of which are to systematically optimize the subject structure, level structure, distribution structure from the angle of boosting the overall level of regional higher education, in order to exert the overall efficiency of the structure. Passive optimization is to optimize a certain inner factor of regional higher education structure, the features of which are department, factor and pertinence orientation and the purpose of which is not to boost the overall efficiency of the regional higher education, but to optimize a certain factor within structure when it no longer satisfy the system need. Passive optimization is the reactive optimization approach taken under the premise that not sufficient awareness has been given to regional higher education system. Passive optimization is the necessary path to active optimization and active optimization is the ultimate approach to regional optimization. At last, this chapter proposes several measures for higher education regional optimization, such as, optimized configuration of regional higher education resources, characterized strategy for implementing regional higher education, balance mechanism for actualizing sustainable development, the actualization of mutual development of higher education and regional economy.This disquisition belongs to basic theory research, which does not research into any specific case in regional higher education optimization, but attempts to research into general theoretical issues in regional higher education optimization, trying to hold the general rules of higher education regional optimization. Higher education regional optimization research has very important theoretical research meaning and practical value to our nation,s higher education development. The paper adopts literature research method, with"proposing question—analyzing question—solving question"as thought clue, trying to propose the theoretical scheme for higher education region development. The paper holds that there surely are some rules in higher education regional optimization but no given pattern applicable everywhere. As a result, we must look on regional optimization with developing view point, not only integrating the research results of various subjects, but also taking as basis the inner rules of higher education development. The paper does some beneficial research into the principles, objectives and development pattern of higher education regional optimization, expecting to boosting the present higher education reformation.
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