The Research On The Subjectivity Educational Supervision

The 21st century, China's education has been entrusted with the new mission by the time: It must widely achieve the education which will full of accommodation, object variously, appraise multi-dimensional and rich in characteristic, meanwhile the education must display the students'independent and satisfied its personalization need. This demands the government to grasps the"domination"of the education movement,"appraisal power"of education process and education quality firmly. Thus needs the government educate the macroscopic decision-making implementation with the development project smooth implementation, achieves"the relaxation, but not out of control", must establish the education monitoring system which from the top downward manages by the government. The tradition ossifies the education direction way is very difficult to adapt the time to the education development demand. Concrete manifestation in: The education direction's main body status's flaw causes the potency low and the work connotation confusion; The education direction's working and the appraisal way lag seriously, the education direction function declines; The education direction's legal status flaw causes the authority to originate unclearly. Establishing the brand-new education direction idea to become the choice of the time, is also this research origin.Through the literature analysis we may find, our country's education supervision research basically is carries on the description and the judgment from the administration angle to the supervision function, the education supervision's function localized for the communication appraisal function, the inspection supervision function, the instruction promotion function. Along with the educational administration system's deepening, increased the democracy thought to the supervision research, but the question of control mode transformation to concern is not many. The developed country education supervision is relatively mature, which has experienced three stages, the administrative oversight inspection stage, the appraisal approximately--Management direction stage and instruction--servicing education supervision Developed country's education supervision system is strongly independent, its education inspection ways and means manifest subjunctive and the independent characteristic. The overseas education supervision culture, the system, the characteristic have important model to our country with the enlightenment value on the education supervision theory and the practice. Embarks from the education direction's goal, from the attention in the administration, the attention in the curriculum, the attention in the teaching, the attention in the interpersonal relationship, the attention in the management, the attention in the leadership angle to domestic and foreign about education supervision concept's several kinds said separately carries on combs. Our country current e education supervision concept indication may possibly divided into two kinds approximately, one kind is the explanatory indication, elaborates its administrative duty; another kind is from science of education angle embarking, nearly comprehensive summary education supervision connotation.This research which is at the angle of the management philosophy, to carry the subject, subjectivity, inter- subjectivity, subjective supervision on arranges. The subjective viewpoint has the solid Marxist philosophy foundation. In following the nature and the social rule condition, to realize the human and the nature, the human and the society, the human and other people's aware fusion and the unification. The subjectivity is not only the subject essence manifests, is also the subject value pursue, is the human constructs and the development in reality. The inter-subjectivity is the subject and the object's relative unification; it is the subjective which has solved the subject and the object's opposition. To construct the inter-subjectivity between the director and the direct object is the contemporary education supervision profitable target and the practice strategy. The educational supervision inter-subjectivity is the inter-subjective relation which is the equal contact, the initiative dialog, understanding mutually between the supervisor and the objector, the relations and forms, the performance, displaying the subjectivity among them. To form the educational supervision inter-subjectivity is the important basis, which is to devalue the subjective of inspected object. Locate the educational supervision the orientation on the management idea alternatively.The subjective Educational supervision is the government, who carries on the independent administrative controlling supervision and the education quality specification surveillance, which is aimed at the subordinate government and the Education administrative department and its school educational work. The subjective Educational supervision rests on the educational policy and the education laws and regulations. Adopting the surveillance, the instruction, the advice, the suggestion and so on nimbly at the right moment, which has the administration compulsory, does not have the national compelling force method. The action, of which to seek the relative person to agree or to unite efforts, realizes certain educational administration goal behavior effectively by the time. The subjective educational supervision essence view requests the educational supervision to realize the dominant status social class's specific educational end. The subjective educational supervision values thought that the value of educational supervision lies, it already may drive that guides the superintendent, teaching, pedagogue's independent, enables the individual to obtain the full scale development, may also safeguard the supervision to cause the educational work legalization, the standardization, the education standard efficiency, promotion education for all-around development goal agreement. The subjective educational supervision practice view already pays great attention to the macroscopic aspect, also pays great attention to the microscopic aspect; Also in emphasis educational supervision administration and legal means that also pays great attention to use the general technology and the method carries on the management; Also pays great attention in the direction system's factor, also pays great attention to the person's factor, thus this practice view can instruct the education practice scientifically. The subjective educational supervision quality view emphasis the work in behavior both emphasis surveillance educational work quality, and pays great attention to care that the superintendent, the supervisee, teaching, pedagogue's quality enhancement, the humanities concern which will educate is manifested during the supervision service.This research is the basic research in the type, taking qualitative investigation as fundamental research way. The synthesis utilization actual observation, the education experience summarize, literature consult, diagnosis methods and so on, applying logic utilization in the theoretical analysis research aspect. The above constitutes the introduction of this research.The educational supervision's historical evolution research, through tracing our country educational supervision's historical evolution and the overseas education inspection developing path, from the education inspection's content, the organization, the personnel constitution and so on tripartite to carrie on the contrastive analysis separately facing the Chinese and foreign education inspection, to sum up our country educational supervision's subject matter: First, the Chinese characteristic's bureaucracy system design causes to educate supervision"to fall"into the authority v-shaped valley. Second, the education inspection's administrative main body status has not been established, causes to educate the inspection administrative action independent understanding forgetting. Third, the behavior of education inspection main body specialization degree is low, adapts the education for all-around development request with difficulty. This constitutes the first chapter of this research.Because the education direction its society's public interest attribute strengthens day by day, pursuing the goal manifests with emphasis in the essential factor"fairly", we should carry out official duties in condominium Neo-Confucianism to derive its democracy spirit, legal spirit, the fair spiritual, the service spirit to constitute main body management ideal. From the angle of controlling system to inspect, the more profound understanding of education inspection's administrative supervisory authority must award legally, any may control other people's authority validity to originate can only come from legal award. The education inspection's administrative supervisory authority takes educational administration institution's executive power as the supervised function, is one kind macro control form which restriction control between the authorities. The action of safeguarding educational inspection's main body administrative must carry on from the educational legal system's view to lay its foundation with constructs. The education inspection's law enforcement surveillance is defer to the legal jurisdiction, the procedure and the way, about the educational administration institution own as well as related educational institution, it is whether to fulfill exactly and observe the surveillance which the educational method the concerned requirements implement, what manifests is the government and people's education will whether can achieve smoothly. To realize educational supervision surmounting and the consummation should stand in education administration philosophy level to tracing the educational supervision's management attribute, it will enhancement the rational cognition level, and will be helpful letting the scientific education administration idea to the supervision practice. Under the contemporary condition, the subjective educational administration view is the first choice; it is the view which is to raise the pedagogue into the main body of the pedagogical activity and the social life. Educational supervision essential views decide or influence Educational supervision values; Educational supervision values decide or influences Educational supervision practical view; Educational supervision practical views decide or influence Educational supervision quality view. The subjective Educational supervision's goal not only lies to the work result to make superior and the poor simple determination of the appraisal object, moreover also lies in letting the appraisal object to understand the path of its own development change, setting up the confidence of development, clearing about the development key point, optimizing development strategy and promoting educational goal to agreement finally. The subjective Educational supervision's principles should follow the education laws and regulations, according to the official competence, insisting that realistic, objective and fair principle, implementing the educational administration supervision and the school inspector united, the supervision and the service unify. The subjective Educational supervision's way has moderately compulsory, independence, bootstrapping, flexibility, method multiplicity characteristics and so on. The subjective Educational supervision's procedure is simple and effective, high resilience, nimble diverse, binding force procedure and work convention union. The subjective Educational supervision, of which basic model's change causes the supervision function's transformation inevitably, The subjective Educational supervision's functions transforms to the regulated function and associated function, thus underlines the educational supervision's subjective administrative action and the subjective practical value. The educational supervision's main body factor becomes the determining factor, the subjective Educational supervision's appraisal substitute appraisal value inevitably. This constitutes the second chapter, the third chapter of this research..The educational supervision's proper power is named educational supervision's function. The educational inspection concept's change will decide its function localization directly. The subjective Educational supervision's function must consummate its control function, strengthen its surveillance effect; Strengthen its administrative instruction function, improve its instruction way and the appraisal way. To realize the subjective educational supervision function's transformation should transform the educational inspection idea, consummate the education inspection system, improve education inspection way as well as the enhancement directs the personnel quality. Profiting the experience from the Western developed country, our country's educational inspection's function localization should consummate in these aspects. First, the educational inspection's core functions should locate to supervise the politics primarily, the school inspection is as basic, insist on unifying them. Second, the education inspection organization's authority attribute must have the explicit limits with educational administration's power behavior. Third, the educational inspection and the educational administration management's function attribute must have the explicit cognition. Fourth, the educational inspection must set up"the control surveillance, the quality surveillance"the subjective educational supervision thought. This constituted the fourth chapter of content.Our country's educational supervision effect is denounced within the educational world ,except educational inspection's system factor, fundamental research lag, the education inspection's main body factor, the appraisal factor is decided the educational inspection letter and the validity key. The life of the subjective educational supervision practice is in above factor's agreement. The inspection troop's specialized level becomes the restriction factor. Through the material analysis, the educational inspection troop's specialization question concentrates in four aspects: the educational inspectors` personnel diploma is somewhat low, the educational inspectors` personnel specialized structure is unreasonable, the school inspector credentials system is imperfect, the educational inspectors` personnel age is older. To solve this problem we should obtain from the optimization specialized quality structure, to consummate the educational inspectors` troop system, to improve the educational inspectors' personnel surveillance and the appraisal mechanism. The subjective educational supervision appraisal is in the traditional education direction appraisal foundation, is to direct the unit through the plan preliminary hearing's form, is to direct the development project which the unit draws up to carry on the background appraisal and the input appraisal, is to help the unit to draw up the science, feasible, target-oriented, characteristic development plan; By the means of direction stochastically, understood promptly the plan implementation situation, the prompt summary and the feedback, to make the essential adjustment, instructs to direct the unit to organize to implement effectively the goal. Meanwhile, introducing the edition inspection process of the Britain Compulsory education stage school. This constitutes the fifth chapter of this research.Finally, at an angle from the development of the subjectivity educational supervision, to ponder the subjective educational supervision's legalization question. First, analyzing the present educational inspection laws and regulations, analyzing the subject matter which the educational inspection legal system exists in reality, reflecting the educational inspection's independent to wait for strengthening. Second, to sum up the educational supervision's legal system question in origin. Third, based on the legal principle theory and the subjective educational supervision's development, pondering the subjectivity educational supervision's legalization . This constitutes the sixth chapter of this research.