A Study On University Specialization Policy Change In Korea

The subjects of university specialization are noticed by many researchers at home and abroad. In the background of globalization, internationalization and marketization, educational competition among countries and universities are growing more and more intense, that made specialized feature an energetic and competitive power for a university, and made university specialization an inevitable choice for a university which wants to expand its existence and development space.After the world warâ…¡, Korea is one of the fastest developed countries in higher educational field, and paid close attention to university specialization policy earlier than other countries. It has been more than 40 years, science 1973, and the university specialization policy was published, which has promoted the Korean higher education system into a high level of diversification and specialization. Although the developing condition of Korea is far from world leaders'level, the positive and negative experience accumulated during its growing process is also worthy of learning.In the process of public policy's dynamic operation, policy change is a normal part of procedure. Form beginning to now, the Korean university specialization policy has experienced many changes. According to ideology theory, this thesis divides the change of Korean university specialization policy into 3 periods which constructs the main part of the paper: authoritarianism period (1973~1979), post-authoritarianism period (1980~1992), authoritative-liberalism (1993~ ). In each period, firstly makes a comprehensive exposition including the determine subject, determine process and determine characteristic of educational policy, and the background, details and process of university specialization policy, then, makes a value analysis and summarize on these policies from 3 angles: policy values, the material value that policies obtained and policy validity.This thesis consists of 6 parts: Introduction, including the reason for selecting this subject, a thorough review of research on this subject at home and abroad, conceptual refinement, chief contents, research frame, research methods, value of this research, etc. Chapter 1, based on the foundation of re-cognition about ideology, and annotation of some motility factors which influenced the process of policy change, the author constructs an ideology theory about policy change which from an angle of ideology and ideology change that influenced policy change. Chapter 2 expounds the university specialization policy in authoritarianism period. In this period, the university specialization policy was totally controlled by the government. The economism and pragmatism outlook of policy value made the university specialization policy an instrument to promote economic prosperity. Chapter 3 discusses the university specialization policy in post-authoritarianism period, during which the fights for democratic rights continuously deepened, the military government was forced to compromise, transited to post-authoritarianism. Policy value based on nominal egalitarian view inclines university specialization policy to helping stabilize the politics and accommodate requirements of universities, and only court a nominal equity. Chapter 4 analyses the university specialization policy in authoritative- liberalism period. With the accelerating democratization drive, the university specialization policy in this period, which influenced by out of authoritarianism and new liberalism, showed a marked authoritative-liberalism tendency. The equilibrium and human capitalism outlook of policy value made the country's balanced development and fostering talents of varying rank the object of the university specialization policy, for this reason, the policy place particular stress on talents training. Chapter 5 is a reflection about Korean university specialization policy. This part made a comparative analysis on the specialization policies in every different ideology period, and then tried to reexamine these policies, which can help recognizing the course of change in Korean university specialization policy as a whole, meanwhile, demonstrating the ideology theory of policy change. Finally, the author analyzed the misunderstanding of Korean university specialization policy in some aspects such as connotation, values, routing selection and way of transition.