| Farmers are the specific group of in the process of social development. Compared with the historical trend of modern society, the hysteresis quality of its inferiority characteristics of agriculture and status localization of historical heritage are very obvious. Therefore, farmer education is the inevitable requirement of the development of history. Concerned of the goal orientation of social change and historical development, the legitimacy of their education is undoubted. In the critical period of solving the problem of"agriculture, countryside and farmers"and the social reform and under the logic framework of"the human development is the fundamental development of society", the urgency of farmer education is merited.The ancients said:"policy of benevolence is formed through thirty years."In other words, when administers of country want to advocate benevolence and solve the problem of the people's livelihood, thirty years are the time segment to show the effect. Sixty years are a symbol of the mature period in the traditional Chinese. Therefore, in the 30th anniversary of reform and opening-up and the 60th anniversary of New China establish, reviewing the sixty years development history of farmer education, sorting and analyzing systematically the achievements and developing experiences of farmer education, summarizing the lesson, exploring the developing law and evolution path of farmer education and deeply studying in theory will have important guiding and significance to sustainably develop farmer education and promote rural reform.This research follows the historical paradigm of vertically combing; take the evolution of farmer education in New China as clues, extracted education factors and notable features from farmer education events through decomposition and comprehensive from the historical data. Farmer education development is divided into stages and the characteristics of all stages are summarized through the comparison of landmark events. And then consistent and logic development history of farmer education are formed. The gains and losses of farmer education in every stage are evaluated objectively through the method of cognition and the basic features, experiences and laws of farmer education are rationally analyzed on the basis of systematically combing. This research concludes eight chapters.Chapter 1: The background and purpose and significance of studying are elaborated and the researches on farmers'education at home and abroad are reviewed and the difficulties and innovation of the research are illustrated. In short, the basic thought of this research are explained in this chapter. Chapter 2: The shaping of the concept of farmer's education and the basis of farmers'education during the period of the republic of China are illustrated in this chapter. Farmers'education in ancient China pay less attention on vocational education, but pay more attention on obscurantist policy and the moral education from the purpose of maintaining social stability in the aspect of political education and moral education. In the 1930s, under the historical background of the rising of surge thought on farmers'education in modern western and the leading of rural construction, a rural construction movement was carried out in the vast rural areas in China for the purpose of improving rural construction. As the represents of advanced intellectuals in modern China, the preciousness of rural construction is that they carried out farmers'education and training and rural construction from the angle of rural modernization and social democratization.Chapter 3:Anti-illiteracy education for farmer and reforming movement of thoughts are discussed in this chapter. Take the literacy movement as the breakthrough point to analysis farmer education effects under the background in early times of new China. Based on the historical background of the three socialist transformation, analyze the history origin and intrinsic value of farmer education thought of MAO Zedong from the inference"the serious problem of education lies in the thesis analyses farmers"thoughts history origin and intrinsic value in order to explore the relationship among social reconstruction, human education and farmers'education in great social changes in the great social transformation. And then study farmers'psychology and farmers'education in the view of the interests of farmers, land system change and the cultural logic.Chapter 4 Political education for farmer in the period of socialist construction and explore are analyzed in this chapter. Under the organizational system of people's commune, farmer education faced with the conflicts of education and educated and the ideal pursue and the realistic dilemma. During the"cultural revolution", farmer education experienced several historical stages:"MAO Zedong thought"learning movement,"four clean-ups movement", the movement of youth going to countryside and so on. The spirit of"da-zhai"in the period of"da-zhai on agriculture"contained collective ideal. Technological factors, farmer power and cooperation logic are the obvious characteristics. Institutional inertia and education dilemma of farmer education in this period are the deep consideration elements in the process of exploration.Chapter 5: Farmers' technical education and professional education during beginning period of reform and opening policy are discussed. After the historical issue of executing of family co-production system, and based on the society transformation background, farmers' education got the new development opportunities. From the entrance of different kinds of farmers' technical education, agriculture broadcast TV school system's position, function and effect are mainly analyzed; the second time judgment and examination are taken. Based in the historical background of economic structure adjusting and market economy system continuous improving, relation among planned economy, market orientation and farmers' interest is analyzed, and historical necessity of farmers' management quality education is well established; At the same time, facing with the fact that farmers hunting jobs in cities, the question of farmers' education, profession transferring and identity changing must be answered. Based on the research of foreign professional education system, setting up of China's current farmers' professional education is summarized systematically.Chapter 6: The new development of farmers' quality in new times is discussed in this chapter. The problem of"agriculture, countryside and farmers"is a long time historical problem with deep social background and historical factors, and absolutely , farmers' education will be one of the efficient way to solve this problem; Set in the socialism new countryside construction background, the logic among the surplus labor transferring, new farmers' educating and farmers' urbanization is proved and new farmers'"modernization"value interest and the internal factors of their quality structure are discussed. From the social harmony angle, the relation between farmers' education and countryside's harmony society construction is discussed; In view of civil society, farmers' education is more like a cultural question based on how to solve livelihood problem, and there is indivisible relationship among farmers' livelihood problem, countryside society stability and farmers' education issue.Chapter 7: Based in the research of the former six chapters, history of farmers' education of New China is analyzed systematically, and the basic development features, experience and rules are to be abstracted from the contract analysis and summary of different history stages. The basic features are including education content's continuous changing, education idea's gradual improving, education method's diversification and education taker range's enlarging. Basic farmer education development experience is summarized from the angle of national characteristics, development path and the nature of education. The summary of the sixty years farmers' education experience can be divided into four parts: the development course from professional education, overall education to national education; Farmers' education development is the history of main education provider's roles and positions adjusting during the gambling process between the"government control failure"and"market control failure", and the course of farmers' education is the course of those main education providers' taking part, taking roles and losing roles; Based in the interest logic, relation among internal demand, external push and historical opportunities is discussed as a key question; after comparison, latecomer disadvantage, latecomer advantage and farmers' education development path are analyzed.Chapter 8: Institutional barriers and structural problem during current farmers' education are analyzed, and existing challenges in this area is discussed from a practical point, and also the path of innovation of farmers' education is developed from the four dimensions of level, pattern, content, and methods of analysis. Based in the whole country's modernization process and reform history, the problem of"agriculture, countryside and farmers"and farmers' education problem are discussed in the angles of modernization path and reform patterns, and so does the farmers' education reform and overall management, and the strengthen of the farmers' education system, so smooth reform in farmers' education can be ensured essentially.
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