Economic Analysis Of China's Rural - Urban Transformation

Currently, China has entered the late stage of industrialization and accelerated development of urbanization in the whole, and the imbalance between them has become increasingly prominent. Urbanization is an eternal process in which population and resources re-layout in rural space. Urbanization could be the classic mode since the industrial revolution or the post-modern mode, which for concentration of rural population to the urban core area. Therefore, the problem of urbanization in China is not only to continue to focus on the process of urbanization, but also the rural development. This article from the perspective of rural development, in the methods of combination of regulate and empirical, theory and practice, dynamic and static, follow the principles of theory to practice, general to specific. Base on the theory of classical Marxism and Western development economists, the practice of home and abroad rural-urban transformation, clearly defined, to build a more systematic framework to analysis Rural-Urban Transformation. The topics of study, it's helpful to further enrich the development of economics, urban economics, regional economics research in theory, provide new ideas for the path of innovation. Theoretical explanation about "new types of urban and rural areas; practically It can speed up rural economic development, resolve conflicts, promote integrated development of urban and rural areas.Thesis includes four aspects:First, rural-urban transformation and rural structure. Analyze urban-rural dual structure, performance and reasons. Second, basic theory of rural-urban transformation, First, according the Marxist classical writers prediction of the trend of scientific urban and rural areas and the practice of industrialized countries, to prove urban transformation, Second, Define the rural-urban transformation, indicates that rural-urban transformation mainly contains the following four meanings:①demographic transition;②economic structure changes;③Spatial structure changes;④infrastructure Improvement, and summarizes the three types of rural towns'transition mode. In accordance with the leading force of rural-urban restructuring and organizational management, it can be divided into market-based and government-led; according to regional landscape features, It can be divided into rural areas transition, market towns transition, urban fringe (or suburban) transformation; in accordance with the rural-urban transformation and development of leading industries can be divided into agricultural development, market pull, birth of modern industry, tourism development and the city radiating. Finally, the rural-urban development is a socio-economic process, showing significant stage characteristics. Industrial structure in rural-urban transformation at different stages has different mechanisms. In accordance with the logical order of three industries in the promotion of rural-urban restructuring and development, the transformation power can be divided into:the formation of agricultural labor productivity, driving force by the rural industrialization, the follow-up power formed by tertiary industry development, In addition, resource endowments, technical change and institutional arrangements also affect the process of urban transformation. Third, study for foreign country's success of urban transformation. Study South Korea and Japan on the path of rural transformation in order to gain international experience; while study domestic typical area's successful path of urban transformation to sum up the domestic law. Fourth, it's about China's rural-urban restructuring policy options. Learn experience in home and abroad, combined with the practice of China, indicate that promotion of rural-urban restructuring should strengthen the transformation of traditional agriculture, rural industrial development, the central building of the town, villages cluster integration, human capital training, economic reform and the rural areas of the market building.Thesis has four major conclusions:First, conflict of dual structure has become increasingly prominent. Use the dual structure of Kuznets strength index, statistical strength of the dual structure of China during the period from 1978-2009 (except 1984) is higher 4.09 times than other developing countries,. The main reason of conflict in urban-rural dual structure is heavy industry first development in rural areas, agricultural bleed too much, and the institutional arrangements for rural areas, lack of agricultural support, the resolve is to forward rural urban transformation. Second, the developed countries'process of urbanization change of relationships between urban and rural areas is the same with Marxist classics consistent predictions, which all experienced the "collapse of urban village" (early stage of industrialization)—"City financed village" (industrial medium-term)—"Rural-Urban Transformation"(post-industrial) changes in three stages, showing the evolution of urbanization. Third, according to Yang Xiaokai's new classical economics analytical framework, put forward two propositions in the rural industrial structure:①With the trading efficiency and the deepening division of labor, agriculture and industry began to separate, With the evolving division of labor, rural industry will also appear within the division of industrial, which is the realization of villages-the fundamental driving force of urban transformation;②the rise of the tertiary industry is the basis of industrialization, while it can speed up the industrialization process, which provide rural-urban transformation with follow-up power;Fourth, whether foreign or domestic typical urban success transition all have experienced changes in the rural industrial structure, that is from the traditional small production to the evolution of society, Resolve the economic gap between urban and rural non-agricultural by the transformation of traditional agriculture, industrialization of agriculture; all have undergone change in the way of social organization, from family-run business to a modern business organization changes; the integration of urban and rural infrastructure configuration; residential patterns of urban concentration during class.Thesis has three innovations:First, studies view. Base on the practice of urban and rural development at home and abroad, combine the political economics, development economics, urban economics with other related knowledge, from the perspective of rural development, build a more systematic rural-urban analysis framework in transition. Second, research innovation. Thesis rose that the urban transformation is the way to resolve dual structure, provided scientific basis and defined the rural-urban transformation, the rural-urban transformation model, the dynamic mechanism and influencing factors. Third, research methods. Use of comparative and case analysis, analyzed South Korea, Japan, rural-urban transformation, compare the village-city transformation paths of southern Jiangsu, Wenzhou, and the Pearl River Delta summarized the rural-urban transformation's common path.