The Scientific Research On The Impact Of Technological Advancements On Employment As Exemplified By Resource-rich Cities

At present, a series of severe problems, such as the worsening of resource depletion, the difficulty of industry conversion and the lack of economic growth as well as the giant pressure on employment, are faced by the most of resource-based cities in China. Though all manifestations of these problems are not the same, there exist some inherent economic links among them. The modern theory on economic growth emphasizes that the three key factors, capital, technical change and employment, are determining the growth all together. In which, however, the relationship between technical change and employment may be more complicated. The former can drive the later to increase and, at the same time, will make some unavoidable impacts on the later, just as we find it in our reality.This article, firstly, describes the contents, economics classification and related theories of employment and technical progress; secondly, we expound the definition, classification and basic characteristics of resource-based cities, and we analyze the base situation of resource-based cities, the present situation and problem between the employment and technical progress in resource-based cities by synthesis. thirdly,in the aspect of the employment quantity and structure, we investigate the functional mechanism between technical progress and employment, and how to build a mathematical model。By taking the characteristic resource-based city in the Western China, Baiyin and Jingchang city of Gansu, for a real example, we finished the positive analysis of the influence of technical progress on employment on the basis of related data, and objectively understand the influence, analyze its reason and reach following conclusions:directly speaking, technical progress makes crowding-out effects on employment, that is to say,technical progress inhibits growth of employment; but indirectly speaking,technical progress can effectively promote labors'transfer from primary industry and secondary industry to tertiary industry, and it also can promote the rational upgrade of industrial structure and employment structure. Finally, under the background above, several concrete policies on how to improve the employment with the technical progress, in the process of promoting economic restructure and fostering and strengthening continual and substituted industry, are proposed. It mainly includes enhancing investment in science and technology, carrying out technical innovation, fostering superior continual industry, making great effort to develop labor-extensive industries, aggrandizing re-education to promote the overall qualities of labor force, improving the investment climate, developing private economic, and so on.