| World natural heritage sites are extremely precious heritage from natural evolution, and tourism is a primary way for its sustainable use. Tourism geosciences landscape is the main tourism attractions of world natural heritage sites. Studying and using their scientific value, aesthetic value and tourism value, has become an important content for laying out their value or renewing tourism product. Understanding how the tourism geosciences landscape is formed and evolved, can be helpful to explore its scientific value, to make scientific project, to adopt effective protection, and achieve sustainable development.There is variety of tourism geosciences landscapes distributing widely in Jiuzhaigou, and they are characterized as karst lakes and falls. Lakes, falls, shoals, streams, jokuls and colorful forest gather together in Jiuzhaigou. Considering its considerable scientific, aesthetic, and tourism value, Jiuzhaigou is praised as"fairy tale world","fairyland on earth", and has been listed into the world natural heritage list by UNESCO. Thanks to its fantastic beauty, effective administration and continuously improving of traffic, Jiuzhaigou's tourism develops quickly in the past 30 years. So the tourism of Jiuzhaigou has not only driven economy takeoff in Aba Tibet and Qiang Race autonomous district, but also promoted tourism's development of Sichuan province, and even boosted Chinese tourism brand's shaping. Jiuzhaigou now has become a famous tourist attraction all over the world.Jiuzhaigou tourism geosciences landscapes are the result of interaction of many inner and external forces under local geology and physical geography, such as tectonic setting, the neotectonics, quaternary glaciations, karst, gravity, biology, etc. Understanding all kinds of natural processes and law in depth, can help prevent tourism geosciences landscapes from destroying on account of tourism development so that propose a series of effective protection measures. Furthermore, on the premise that we have more and systematic understanding of how the tourism geosciences landscapes of Jiuzhaigou are formed, it is more conducive to show Jiuzhaigou natural heritage site's value, to improve tourism grade and scientific and cultural content, and to motivate sustainable development. So the study of Jiuzhaigou's scene mechanism can help guide Jiuzhaigou tourism recourse development and environment protection, protect heritage's authenticity and integrity, provide better services for visitors, and create more value for society.The contradiction between Jiuzhaigou world natural heritage protection and community's development is becoming stiffer and stiffer. The number of Jiuzhaigou's visitors exceeded 2.5 million in 2007, and the number of visitors exceeded 20 thousands a day during the golden week. With the fast improvement of accessibility, more people will come. Tourism economy's quick development has not only led to local community's poverty alleviation, but also driven the area's economical development greatly in recent years. Therefore, the local government place greater expectations on Jiuzhaigou's tourism economy, and also makes higher demands. Obviously, Jiuzhaigou will face unprecedented pressure from tourism. However, Jiuzhaigou is situated in the transition zone of Sichuan basin and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, where geo-environment is extremely complex and ecosystem is fragile. And visitors are mostly gathering in the 60km2 canyon. How to harmonize increasingly prominent contradiction between protection and development, that is to say, how to maintain Jiuzhaigou tourism geosciences landscapes coupling system's stability and keep heritage site's authenticity and integrality, is an urgent issue that needs to be studied in depth.Under the direction of geology and physiography as well as tourism geosciences,this article use variety of methods, such as literature research, field reconnaissance, intensive interviews, both qualitative and quantitative methods. Through applying "3S" technology, combined with the traditional geological study methods, it has been systematically studied on the Jiuzhaigou World Heritage Site about the characteristics and distribution of its geological landscape, landscape formation mechanism and the protective measures. And the main result and conclusion are as following:(1)Having classified the geological landscape scientifically and giving an analysis of composite features, an assessment has been made from the qualitative and quantitative prospect. Besides, an approach to the sight features has made on the basis of the comparison with other similar landscape in the world. Most of Jiuzhaigou tourism geosciences landscapes mainly distributed in the Y-shape valley, which is comprised of Rize valley, Zezhawa valley and Shu Zheng valley, mainly focused on its water landscape, secondary to its biological landscape and meteorological landscape, physiognomy, paleontology fossils, geological section landscape, supplemented by minerals. The water sights, including the group of lake, fold waterfalls, shoals, springs, rapids, are closely next to each other, controlled by its special water cycle system, which finally forms the spring - lake or group lakes-shoals-falls. Jiuzhaigou valley has high aesthetic value, scientific value and great tourism value.(2)According to the theory systems on some disciplines, such as geology, physical geography, hydrology, aerography, the analysis of its regional background has made, and a detailed study of the background of its landscape formation, covering the stratum and lithology of landscape, tectonic setting, glacier and moraine, hydrological conditions, karstification and travertine deposits, the neotectonics and action of gravity. Locating in the mountainous western edge of Sichuan Basin transition zone to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, on the brink of Qinghai-Tibet plate to the Yangtze subduction zone, Jiuzhaigou Valley is categorized into the Songpan-ganzi geosyncline area. Exposed strata are mainly Devonian to Triassic marine carbonate rocks formation; fold extension of the main axis by a series of northwest - southeast extension of the anticline, and some EW, NE - SW syncline composed of faults in order to become a dominant form of brittle shear, the main thrust fault to the north west and strike-slip faults, north-south trending reverse faults and normal faults, four east-west faults. Jiuzhaigou has gone through three glaciations, with strong effects of glacial erosion, transport and stacking; with strong karstification in a large number of travertine deposits under the surface , a large number of travertine dikes, travertine shoals, travertine waterfalls and travertine lake appeared; the neotectonic movement strongly uplifted the overall western part, while the eastern part have different fault block movement along the early NS and NE and NW trending faults, and the formation of the South higher than in the north of the topographic feature; gravity mainly as landslides, collapse, debris flow, is an important factor in the formation of the landscape.(3)Examining the process of the landscape formation, we have constructed coupling system of Jiuzhaigou Valley on the basis of scientific principles. Since the Cambrian, the area has experienced the construction of the long history and deformation process. The process could be divided into four stages: the scene Jiuzhaigou passive continental margin, fold and thrust orogenics, continental orogenic block and the role of quaternary glacial. Jiuzhaigou scenery coupled system composed of the input and output system. The input sub-system includes the endogenic geological process and exogenic geological process subsystem, geographical environment subsystem. The output sub-system includes the stratum subsystem of scene formation and the tourism geosciences landscapes subsystem. The endogenic geological process as the main role of tectonic movements, earthquakes, and the glacial, karst, water and gravity-based exogenic geological and geographical environment, have formed complex net-feedback. Their interactions on the soluble carbonate rock, and through long-term physical, chemical and biological processes led to the final form of the world famous karst water features of Jiuzhaigou geological wonders.(4)Applying to coupled system of the Jiuzhaigou tourism geosciences landscape, the article explores the mechanism of the main tourism geosciences landscape of Jiuzhaigou. Jiuzhaigou karst landscapes and the formation of glacial landscape is inseparable from the role of karst and glaciers, but is controlled by the Jiuzhaigou lithology, tectonic movements, meteorological and hydrological conditions, gravity, biological and other factors. Many are dammed lake in Jiuzhaigou lakes, damming material comes mainly from its lateral moraine and end moraine glaciers, collapse, landslides and debris flows by gravity and biological travertine deposition. Jiuzhaigou colorful lake, are mainly because of absorption and scattering of light, aquatic plants, travertine deposition, mineral in the water, also played a role. There are three main causes of the falls in the Jiuzhaigou: first, the role of faults and bio-karst; the second is the role of differential erosion and bio-karst; third, collapse, landslide and debris flow deposits and biological gravity karstification. Travertine shoal is one of Jiuzhaigou water features, mainly due to its biological role and travertine deposition. The main types of Jiuzhaigou springs are overflow spring, the quaternary deposition by the decrease in pore water into the subsurface. Crystal-clear lake in Jiuzhaigou is mainly because of its many lakes, groundwater recharge supply, and travertine deposition strongly.(5)Having studied the course of landscape protection and the threats of the tourism geosciences landscape, it is proposed that low-carbon tourism should be the most sustainable way to protect its geological landscape. It is the best strategy to build a smart national park, and zoning protection, served as a significant measure in order to protect its tourism geological landscape.
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