The Performance Evaluation And System Frame Of Grain Subsidy Policies In Our Country

Since the implementation of the grain subsidies policy, of which the main content is direct subsidies to grain farmers, the grain yield has increased seven years in a row. The farmers'income also gains a rapid growth for seven consecutive years. The implementation of the subsidy policy and measures, greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of farmers and become one of the most popular and most influential farmer benefiting policies in vast rural areas. On one hand, China's grain supply and demand remain balanced. But with China's rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, this balance will for longer period of time. And China has a large population, part of the food also used as feed and bio-energy. Thus China's food security can not be ignored; On the other hand, despite the growing income of the farmers in China, the urban-rural income gap in terms of absolute volume and relative volume, the trend that gap got widened has not changed. Furthermore, the grain subsidies is a long-term problem. China's new system of grain subsidies is only just established, there is still many places that need to continue to improve. This article is to do research on China's grain subsidy policy just under the background. The main conclusions are as follows:First, from an economic point of view make the theoretical explanation of grain subsidies. Argue about the basis of the implementation of grain subsidies from the foundation of the grain industry, weak nature of grain industry, positive externalities of Food industry, Industry regurgitation-feeding and strategic trade theory, etc. On this basis, with the specific circumstances of our country, in aspect of urban and rural development and ensuring national food security, Analyze the logic of reality of the implementation of China's grain subsidy policy.Second, Sort the evolution of grain subsidies since the founding of China, Understand the development and changes of China's grain subsidy policy. Attach importance to analyzing the system framework of China's current grain subsidies including specific production subsidies policies, comprehensive income subsidies policies and minimum purchase price subsidies policy.Third, use the panel data model, the farmer's production behavior decision-making model and the statistical software and the other tools, make performance evaluation for the special production subsidies, comprehensive income subsidies and minimum purchase price, policies respectively. Evaluation results:the implementation of seed subsidy policy in the production subsidies significantly increased grain yields and improve the food quality. The implementation of agricultural purchase subsidies significantly increases the total power of agricultural machinery to enhance the level of agricultural mechanization and reduce the proportion of agricultural employees. It can be said that basically their policy objectives are achieved; Besides, the implementation of the comprehensive income subsidy policy mobilizes the enthusiasm of farmers to increase the grain growing area and play certain to role of the growth of farmers'income but the role id limited. Third, the implementation of the minimum purchase price policy will help improve farmers'income, stable food production, boosting the price of the grain market, strengthen the government's ability to control the grain market, the basic realization of the policy objectives.Fourth, the analyze the developed countries-the U.S., EU, Japan and newlyindustrialized countries-South Korea's grain subsidy policy. Take the policy objectives of grain subsidy as basis, understand the evolution of grain subsidy polices and the ways of various countries. On this basis, review and summarize the inspiration by the grain subsidies polices of these countries.Fifth, Analyze China's current grain subsidy policy objectives, believe China's grain subsidies policies need to be adjusted to take increasing farmers'income as the primary objective and food security is a secondary objective. On this basis, build up the policy system of grain subsidy that takes increasing farmers'income as the primary objective. And put forward the policy advise to improve the efficiency of grain subsidies policy.