| Xi Zang (Tibet) Autonomous Region, located in the southwest borderland of China with an average altitude of more than 4000 meters above sea level, is an important door of the southwest border area of China, and has an important strategic position. Without the stability and development of Tibet, there would be no smooth implementation of the Strategy of Western Region Development of China, there would be no national unity and social stability and there would be no overall situation of the well-off society.From the 12th century to the early fifties of the 20th century, Tibet was in serfdom with its economy remaining stagnant and its economic structure single. Agricultural productivity was relatively backward. The production tools in most areas were primitive, simple and crude, lacking the iron tools. The wooden plough and wooden hoe were still in use in some areas, and in a few places the slash-and-burn method was even used for farming. Farming and harvesting were dependent on the heaven. The production of animal husbandry degenerated year by year; the livestock had serious epidemic diseases, and suffered from wild beasts, or snow calamity frequently. So the domestic animals were raised dependent on the heaven. Because all means of production and labor couldn't flow freely, the development of the handicraft industry was fettered seriously, having not totally separated out from household sideline production yet and formed the independent industry. The proportion of the commerce against the whole social economy was extremely small and the way for the exchange of agriculture and animal products was still only limited to barter, so there was no industry.After being liberated peacefully, through the different periods of construction, and development, such as the Suppression of Rebellion and Reform, Socialist Reform, and Reform and Opening-up. The economy in Tibet has been gradually developing on the basis of single, backward agriculture and animal husbandry. The GNP rises to 18.450 billion yuan, and 6871 yuan per person in 2003 compared to 129 million yuan in 1951. Under the leadership of the Party, and the joint efforts of the Tibetan people, Tibet has realized its historical transformation from selfdom to socialism. It turns from darkness to light, from backwardness to progress, from poverty to affluence, from ignorance to civilization, from seclusion to openness. Great changes have taken place in Tibet.Following the rapid development of economy, the enormous changes have taken place in Tibetan industrial structure. The proportion of industrial output value during the three periods rises from 97.7:0:2.3 in 1951 to 22:26:52 in 2003. The categories of industry have becomeplentiful, and its scale has expanded gradually. The industrial structure in Tibet has become more and more rationalized and advanced with each passing day, and has already showed the embryonic form for the first time in modernized industrial system. But there are still a lot of problems. There are long distances from the requirement of rationalization and advanced level in industrial structure at present.At the beginning of the new century, Tibet has made its strategic objection of the great-leap-forward development: strive to reach the national medium level of per capita gross domestic product in 2010, and laid a solid foundation in order to enter the modernization together with other areas throughout China. Since the work in Tibet occupies an important strategic position in all the work of the Party and our country, realizing the great-leap-forward development in Tibet not only has great economic significance but also has great political significance.On the basis of the abundant experiences accumulated in economic construction and the great changes that have taken place in the industrial structure, the research carried out to the problems in Tibetan industrial structure will be of great significance both in economy and in politics for promoting the rational disposition of resources, bringing them into full play, and offering the reference and base for the great-leap-forward development in Tibetan economy.Through the comparison and analysis, this dissertation has pointed out the major problems of current Tibetan industrial structure, i.e., the proportion of primary industry is relatively high, the secondary industry is low, and the tertiary industry is high. There is a structural problem that can't be ignored among all departments, and all levels in the industry proper, hi addition, the structure of output value and employment structure do not match, and the deviational degree of industrial structure is rather high. The degree of correlation among different industries is low, their development is stripped by each other, and the mutual influential power among the industries is relatively weak, the industrial chain is loose and short, and the linking relation is fragile.The industrial policy is an important foundation to rationalize the industrial structure smoothly. Different industrial policies will cause different industrial development directions, which play an important role in industrial structure adjustment. By observing the history of change of industrial structure over the past 50 years since Tibet's peaceful liberation, it is evident an important role that the industrial policy has played in the development of industrial structure. But there still exist some problems like unsteady development and incomplete system. Until the 1990s, the industrial policy in Tibet began to be complete and systematized. The recent policy system is still incomplete, being lack of much practical industrialorganizational policy and industrial technological policy.Under the condition of market economy, the market mechanism, which is regarded as a kind of inherent adjustment strength of the industrial structure itself, plays a more and more important role while the industrial structure is balanced and upgraded. Many reasons, such as the relatively late marketing, narrow district market, weak ability for exploiting the market, and weak market awareness, have influenced the process of Tibetan economic marketing.In the process of Tibetan industrial structure adjustment, the policy should be combined with the market. Because of the strong and long-term influence of the planned economy in Tibet, people get used to thinking and behaving in the planned way. For quite a long time, the function of the government cannot be weakened, and the government's function can be weakened and dependent on market adjustment until the market subject is gradually becoming matured, and economic behavior tends to be standardized.According to the economic growth theory, capital, labor, science and technology are the important factors of economic development. Considering the weak foundation of Tibet, our country has granted the special financial subsidy policy to Tibet after its peaceful liberation, having injected a large number of funds into Tibetan economic development. The input capital is the main element of Tibet's economic growth and development of industrial structure and it promotes the development of industry and great change of industrial structure. Through regression analysis, it is evident that the enormous changes have taken place in industrial structure by investing a large sum of capital, but at the same time there exists the problem of low effect of capital. To a certain degree, the element of capital investment only forms the development in quantity, not improving the quality. It would certainly influence the process of rationalizing and advancing the industrial structure in Tibet if the problem would not be solved.Another key element of the economic growth is the labor. The human resources foundation in Tibet is weak, and the quality is inferior. For the past 50 years, either its growth or disposition in workforce, the human resources have got greater development and made important contribution for industrial structure adjustment of Tibet. But compared with other areas, for the influence of the long-term educational level and the development model, the team of human resources has seriously low quality and unreasonable disposition, and such a phenomenon restricts one another the development of industry and adjustment of industrial structure.This dissertation carries on the analysis and research for the changing situation between the elements of science and technology and the Total Factor Productivity (TFP), which existsin the process of industrial development, and adjustment of industrial structure. Compared with TFP of the whole country, it points out the general and specific features of TFP change in Tibet, and makes an analysis with the different periods of economic growth. Because of the low utilization efficiency of the capital for a long time, the phenomenon of over-investment is caused to some extent; a greater proportion of capital element is occupied in economic growth; the proportion of labor element is greatly compressed; and abnormal result is caused in the element of science and technology.In the course of industrial structure adjustment, it is vital important to choose and develop the leading industry and pillar industry. For the existing problems in the choice of the leading industry and pillar industry at present in Tibet, this dissertation has proposed several principles of choosing the leading industry in Tibet, and through the quantitative analysis, it has raised the choice contents of the leading industry and pillar industry. Such industries as farming and animal husbandry, national handicraft industry, communication and transportation industry etc., should be confirmed and developed actively as the pillar industries. Tibetan medical industry, green foodstuff industry, building and building materials industry, and information industry etc, can be taken as the leading industry to cultivate or develop. With regard to the current situation in Tibet, this dissertation has also put forward some suggestions for the development of these industries.
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