The Mechanism And Management Mode Of All-involvement Innovation From TIM Perspective

With the systemization of innovative activities and its extension into all the management areas, more and more staffs should be changed to release their creativity and involved into the process of innovation for successful innovation. And the idea close to All-involvement Innovation (AII) is great focused and accepted. Thus, based on the employee innovation-orientation TIM perspective, the mechanism and management mode of AII are studied and the primary framework is tried to set up in this paper according to the logic thought of " what is - how to run - how to manage". The research will give guidance for the practice of firm innovation hopefully. Eight chapters are divided in this paper, as the followings:Chapter one is the introduction. It includes research background, research problems, research aims and significance, research logic framework, technical routine and structure, basic concept, main innovation points and research methods. The challenge and opportunities in the networking environment with information technology great application are taken to the practice of AII. One, knowledge and information for firm innovation are wider and wider distributed into the every staff, and fast and fast connect the different function employees, which make AII to be possible. On the other, more and wider staffs are asked into the innovation facing the individual demands and severe markets competition. It is done to improve the effectiveness of AII by interaction of individual innovation and collective innovation to release all employees' creativity. In fact, more than 50 years ago, some Chinese state-owned enterprises had the all-involvement innovation by the actives of "two-involvement, one-reformation and three-combination" and gained great profits then from the original all-involvement innovation. But now, facing with the challenge of market economy, the practice of AII cannot be continued and developed in most Chinese enterprises but blooming in some leading companies like3M, GE, Toyota and Samsung. By the data analyzed, exchange ideas with others and questionnaire investigation, Chinese companies have main three problems. First is the lack of employees innovation power and organization support. Second is the lack in understanding of the mechanism of interaction between individual innovation and collective innovation, which leads to the low AII performance. Third is the absence of total and synergetic innovation management, which restricts the implementation of AII. Three should be focused in the research of AII, includes the concept and characteristics of AII, the systemic elements and their interaction mechanism of AII and management model for AII.Chapter two is literature review. As the research base ot this paper, the theoretical background of All about the dynamic process of the main body of firm innovation from single entrepreneur, multi-specialists to all employees is first reviewed. The research of innovator from the multi-specialists of management, technology and market to shop floor shows the trend of AIL But there are bits and pieces, non-system and non-continuity of the relative study, and few studies are titled by AIL So the content of innovation, different layers behaviors of individual and collective innovation are systematically concluded, and the characteristics of the current mode of innovation management are studied. The interaction of individual and collective innovation based on the types and process of innovation is the main point of the study of employee innovation behavior and also the break point in this paper. Based on the theory, the study of the mechanism and management mode of All based the TIM perspective, is just according with the trend of innovation management.Chapter three is the discussion of the framework of TIM and its commentation on All according to the problem of "what" is All from TIM perspective. The framework of TIM is based on the bio-system view, which can be called the management model of All based TIM (AIIbTIM). AIIbTIM, which all employees are the main bodies of firm innovation, sets up the good environment and carrier to change the every employee's creativity and involve all employees as the collective into the process of innovation. Thus the systemic and novel perspective of TIM is provided for the study of All from "total innovation" thought, "all time-space innovation" process and "all elements innovation" management. The understanding of All based on the thought of total innovation means to supply innovative environment for staffs' innovative activities. The individual and collective dimensions for All are put forward and defined to study the interaction of individual innovation and collective innovation based on the all time-space innovation, which individual creativity and participant are divided in individual innovation, and nominal collective innovation and fact collective innovation are divided in the collective innovation. The management elements for All based on all elements innovation are provided, which is to improve the innovative performance by strategy, culture, institution, technology and organization included into the management of all element innovation. TIM protrudes the basic role of All and provides a total view including the relationships between "tree" and "forest" for All, which is the interaction of individual and collective innovation. One is great exploitation of the potential of individual innovation. The other is the effective function of collective innovation.Chapter four is to study of the running mechanism of All based on the interaction of individual and collective innovation according to the problem of "how to run" the All from TIM perspective. First, All is clearly regarded as a constructed behavior, which emphasizes the energy of every employee as the innovative personal and the interaction with the innovative object including innovative environment, innovative process, et al. Second, based on the theories of complex synergic behavior and institutional economics evolution, the mechanism of All realization is studied using the math model, and point out firm should take the innovation as a strategic activities and push the interaction between individual and collective innovation to realize All better. Thus, the "3S" mechanism in of the All based on the interaction between individual and collective innovation are put forward and studied. First, Strategization means the mechanism of providing resources and management for employee innovation by linking the AH with the development of firm to identify the every employee innovative activities. Socialization is to build up collective air for innovation to let every employee to be one of the innovative collective to provide more creative ideas. Structuralization is to construct a good relationship of different employees to be a more innovative team to realize the high effective cooperation between the members to enhance the successful probability of innovation. This paper also does the case study of TCL air-conditioner to prove the 3S mechanism. At last, "Creativity and Development-based All-involvement Innovation Mode (C&DbAIM)" breaking through the traditional mode of "Research and Development-based Enterprise's Innovation Mode (R&DbEIM)" is brought forward. C&DbAIM is to transit from creative ideas by all employees' creativity development to value-added and value-created performance. C&DbAIM shows the three combinations, including individual and collective innovation, specialist and shopfloor employees, influencing facts and employee behavior. C&DbAIM provided a concreted guidance framework for know and apply the All running mechanism.Chapter five is the positive study of the relationships among the elements in the All from TIM perspective. By the questionnaire investigation in Chinese companies, using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and multi-square analysis, the relationships and mechanism among innovation environments (IE), individual innovation (II), collective innovation (CI), the level of All and innovative performance (IP) are tested. And the conclusions from positive study are accorded with the former theoretical analysis. A good circle of "IE - Innovative body (IB) - IP" are tested, which all elements strategy, culture, institution, technology and organization innovation is good for IE, IE for II and CI, II and CI for All to improveIP, IP is good to IE in turn. The circle extends the single links between IE and IP, which All lead to high IP showing people as the main body of firm innovation.Chapter six is to conclude and theorize the experiences of success and fail and intrinsic rules of the management of All by the cases study and comparison of Haier group, Baosteel group, Samsung group and X group. By integration of cases study and the former theoretical outcomes, the synergetic management mode (SMM) of All and its measurement model are put forward and explained. SMM can be defined as the total synergic innovation management system to provide good innovative environment for All by all elements innovation to shape gradually strategy dominated model, including the co-innovation of culture and institution for individual innovation, and the co-innovation of technology and organization for collective innovation. At last, the applied characteristics and measure model of SMM are put forward and explained to supply a SMM audit tool for firm practice.Chapter seven is system dynamics stimulation and policy analysis of All from TIM perspective. Using the System Dynamics (SD), the stimulation and dynamic analysis of the relationships among all elements in All are done to show the changeable characteristics of the mechanism and management model in the running process of AIL And the relative behavior and policy are also analyzed. The main conclusions are as the folio wings: first, the policy of all elements are involved into the innovation are better for All than other policies; Second, from the long term views, the better interaction between individual innovation and collective innovation, the better for realization and implementation of AH; Third, from the long term views, with the addition of resources for innovation, the enthusiasm and effectiveness of All will be enhanced to improve the innovative performance. So firms should avoid blindness for the short-term benefits. Fourth, there is not evident that employee scale influences IE and the percent of innovative staffs. But from the long-term views, employee scale extended will lower the level of All and firm performance. It give a novel explain to the "big firm illness" from AH perspective.Chapter eight is conclusion and the future research directions.Today, All is prosperous in the firm practices, but its theoretical researches are still at the beginning stage. It is great hoped that this paper will do help for the further advancement of All in both firm practice and theoretical research.