| The weakness of innovation capability has been the significant factor which restricts the development of Chinese automobile industry. With the domestic market booming and the market competition increasing , more and more automobile enterprises take independent innovation as the key factors for the improvement of the competitiveness of enterprises. Besides the enterprise of domestic investment , many joint venture automobile enterprises take the independent innovation as one goal of their development, which results in variable independent innovation patterns. To analyze the characteristic , connotation and development trend of automobile industry innovation capability based on understand of independent innovation is very significant for the development of Chinese automobile industry.From the point of view of automobile manufacture technology, the fast development of independent automobile R&D plus technology of manufacture and the extensive application of concurrent development technology plus virtual reality technology increase the speed and efficiency of automobile development, meanwhile change their research contest and research manner. The technology environment in which the level advances very quickly make the independent innovation of Chinese automobile industry whose basis is weak very difficult, and it is very difficult for Chinese automobile industry to catch up with developed countries by independence accumulation. Although China has always carried out the automobile industry development policy of high barrier at home and high customs abroad for a long time, Chinese national automobile industry hasn't developed very quickly as Japan and Korea. The protected enterprises have held the position of monopolization for a long time, which makes Chinese automobile prices rule high and also makes the low-productivity Chinese automobile industry obtain large profits. Under protection of policy , the Chinese automobile enterprises enjoy the large profit which brought by demand inflation and they don't need to consider the innovation or independent innovation.Although multinational Automobile Corporation obtains large profit in process of the Chinese automobile market growth, the entrance of foreign capital promotes the improvement of technology of Chinese automobile industry, drives the development of auto-accessory industry, transforms the internal structure of automobile industry, optimizes imports and exports structure of automobile product and heightens the degree of automobile manufacture convergence. The subsidiary companies of multinational possess comparatively advantage. Their entrance brings enormous oppression of competition to enterprises of host country and promotes their improvement of R&D cost and the manufacture techniques, therefore increases their competition ability. Moreover, the advanced technology of subsidiary companies of multinational brings models to local industries. Enterprises of host country can do the R&D of converse project towards products and accumulate the experience and ability through learning by doing, therefore obtain the effect of technology overflow. Furthermore, joint venture companies exert a major influence on the level of whole personnel of Chinese automobile industry by communicating the training contest with domestic enterprise and their role of demonstration. Multinational employ a lot of Chinese personnel and these personnel possess definite ability by learning, which is very significant for the development of Chinese automobile industry.Among the present Chinese automobile enterprises , the joint-venture automobile enterprises undoubt1y belong to the type with the most advance technique and the largest quantity of research and development personnel at the present through the technique importing in more than one decade. At least from the aspect of production ability, they are the strongest in technological ability; moreover, more and more joint-venture enterprises claim that they would"conduct independent investigation and development", and some of the joint-venture enterprises even released their time table of putting their independently developed products into market. In accordance with the initial idea of the officials who enacted the policies of the automobile industry, the joint-venture automobile enterprises seem to develop along the root of import digest and absorption innovation.Through the technology strategy of multinational, we can see that in the process of technology transfer, by collecting high Charges for technology transfer, multinational automobile enterprise carry out the technology location towards joint venture companies, increase their independent development cost and restrict their motivation of independence exploitation. By mastering the control the technology standard, multinationals control the technology standard, control the accessory-production authority and restrict the development of Chinese enterprises engaged in the manufactures of accessory. Multinationals do basic research within their countries and just do the developments of location accessory and vehicle type, which furthermore strengthen their control of Chinese industry, and advance of Chinese innovation ability is very limited. Through analyzing the strategies of both sides of joint venture companies on the issue of fixing the price of technology transfer, we can include that joint venture companies can't really do independent development.Our national automobile enterprises have always been the main force of independent innovation in recent years. Though the study of some national automobile enterprises like Chreey, Gile, we can see that to carry out integrated innovation by co-operating with foreign technical development institutions is the mode if innovation they have chosen. Yet the gap between these national automobile enterprises and joint venture in technology and finance can easily render this innovation based on technical integration into a dilemma. In the one hand, the development of automobile products requires huge amount of capital, which poses difficulty for the national automobile enterprises; on the other hand, capital investment is a sensitive issue in the co-operation with a third party automobile research and development institutions, and the decrease in investment will directly affect the quality of products, whereas the decrease in product quality will lead to lower profits. Based on these considerations, national automobile enterprises have to pay due attention to the selection of co-operation partners, control on the time of research and development. Through establish of system dynamics model, the degree of involvement of the national automobile enterprises in the co-operative R&D activities will directly influence the growth of their technical capability.Korea double dragon has been purchased by Shanghai automotive industry cooperation group, which provides a new road of improving technology ability and do independent development by reverse FDI. Reverse FDI By merging can quickly achieve requirement of technology components, combination and mutual strengthen. However, multinational merge necessarily involves many other factors besides technology factors. The cases of Shanghai automotive industry cooperation group and MG Rover have proved that the political and economic environment of purchased enterprises, their abilities of core competition and the degree of resource share restrict the effect of reverse FDIThe independent innovation pattern of Chinese automobile industry is a very complicated issue and it changes in different history periods, change under different conditions and change under different industry scope. At the beginning of Chinese reform and opening-up, the development of automobile industry must follow the road of purchasing technology by market which is the necessary choice determined by objective conditions. With the industry scale expanding and industry base perfecting, the independence innovation by virtue of integration innovation or the manner of reverse FDI will become the new historical choice.
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