| Wheat is a world staple crop and about 35% of the world population lives on wheat. Wheat also amounts to 43% of the total grain ration in China. With the development of rural and urban economy and the improvement of the living standard, it is sure to see that wheat would play an even more important role in the national economy.China is a leading country over the world in wheat production. The annual production area and output of wheat is about 25% and 22% of the total crop yield respectively, and the annual purchase, distribution and stock amount of wheat is about 1/3 of the total. From ancient times, Henan province has been an important wheat production base and heartland for wheat breeding. The planting area, yield and contribution rate of wheat in Henan province has been at the first place in China, the planting area is about 1/4 of the total in China, total yield also about 1/4 of the total. Taken the wheat production and development in Henan as the subject, this dissertation analyzed status quo of wheat production in Henan , the potential of wheat production and development techniques. The competition power and wheat economy and its industrial restructuring were also explored as well. The necessary supportive technical systems and strategic measures foe wheat sustainable development were brought forward. The result of this research may have some instructive significance for wheat production and its industrialization in Henan both theoretically and practically.The main conclusions of this research lie in the following aspects:â… . Based on the systematic analysis of wheat production practice, production features, types of wheat varieties, and the development trend in Henan form the founding of New Chian to 2007, the study assumed that there were 8 times of variety upgrading in the history of wheat production in Henan, and categorized the wheat production since the founding of new China into 9 stages and 4 types. It also pointed out that the sustainable development of wheat production in Henan should be based on the further development of the wheat production potentials.â…¡. The dissertation initially used the ecological region methods of FAO to study the potential of wheat production in Henan, the results showed that the average wheat production was 48.8% of its potential in terms of weather condition. Jiaozuo City has exerted the optimal weather potentials to 80.4%. Xinyang city was ranked as the last one in making use of the weather potentials, which was about 26%. So, there are still great potentials to make use of the weather conditions for wheat production.â…¢. The limiting factors for the exertion of weather potential were studied. They were mainly the uneven distribution of precipitation amount, the poor quality of arable lands, and low level of intensivism. Based on this, the deseertation pointed out that the key approaches to develop the potentials were to upgrade wheat varieties , reduce water loss in farmlands by modern agricultural techniques, adopt proper cultivation techniques in accordance with the local weather conditions, etc.â…£. The difficulty coefficients for developing the wheat production potentials in different areas of Henan were firstly established. With the increase of difficulty coefficient, the potential development would be much tougher. If the coefficient was below 2, the potential was easier to develop, for the moisture could satisfy the need for wheat growth, and the planting area of this kind was about 47% of the total in Henan, equal to 2.4 million hm2 . if the coefficient was over 2, the potential would be difficult to develop, for the moisture content could not satisfy the need for wheat growth. The planting area of this kind was about 52% of the total, equal to 2.66 million hm2.â…¤. Analysis over the comparative superiority, production cost, quality and market potential showed that wheat in Henan had greater comparative superiority. The production cost ranked the middle of all the wheat production provinces in China. When compared with The U.S, the production cost was lower and the income was higher. The key index of nuritional quality and some processing qualities ranked at the intermediate or upper level among the whole country. The granule protein content and the main nutritional quality index were equal to or even higher than that in U.S and other wheat production countries. However,the dough quality was poor. The need for better varieties was huge and the market prospection was bright. Hence, wheat production in Henan province has advantages and significant market competition power.â…¥. The analysis of wheat economy in Henan showed the problems for wheat development were as follows. There were too many diversified varieties. The production efficiency and income were low. The agronomical features of fine varieties were not stable, and the technological contents of the fine varieties were low. The leading production enterprises were small in size and lacked driving forces. The industrial structure was not sound and complete. The production and marketing were disjointed. The units in the production chain were loser in connection. The effective utilization rate of wheat resources was low. The structure of the product was not rationalized. The rank of the commercial wheat varieties was low and the outlet for marketing was limited. Facing these problems, the counter measures were also brought forward. That was to set up production base for fine wheat varieties, develop the benefit of scale economy, speed up the construction of processing bases, optimize the industrial structure and deepen the follow-up processing, increase the added values, incubate leading enterprises. At the same time, it was necessary to adopt brand strategy and characterize the production, set up and complete the production and marketing system, reduce the production cost, and increase support for wheat economy.â…¦. The construction of technical and policy supportive system was pointed out. The technical supportive system should be based on the breeding and popularization of fine varieties, the adoption of scientific planting techniques. Suggestions on the policy supportive were also made in terms of social, environmental, technical and trade protection aspects. It also pointed out that to increase the investment in agricultural production was an important guarantee for the wheat sustainable development in Henan.
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