Urban-rural Relations: From The Binary Segmentation To Integrated Development

The relation between urban and rural areas is an important issue in the development history of human beings, which is also a key point that influence the whole in the complex social life. As Marx ever said, the whole society would change following the change of the relation between urban and rural areas. As a large agriculture country, the issue on agriculture,rural area and peasantry is always an big one in the nation's economic and political life. China has embarked on a road of modernization from agricultural state to an industrial one, during which how to deal with the relation between industry and agriculture, urban area and rural area, the working class and peasantry class became unavoidable one to each leader and constructor.The obvious dual structure and dual separation in urban and rural economy caused the widening of the gap between these two, which lead a tight and unbalanced relation within. This seriously influenced a healthy development of the economy and society in China. Seeing from the phase of the economic development, China's economy has stepped into a stage in which industry should promote the development of agriculture and urban the development of rural area in total. This requests us to consider the relation of industry and agriculture, urban and rural as a whole from the view of whole nation's economy, thus to overall plan the development of urban and rural areas. It needs to break the dual structure economy and to establish a equal and harmonious relation between industry and agriculture, a joint prosperous relation within urban and rural areas, through which it reach a integrating developing road, departing from dual structure.This paper includes three parts: foreword, the main body, and conclusion.The foreword explains the reasons and the significance for choosing this issue, the train of thought, main methods taken for demonstration, possible innovation and imperfections.The main body includes four: 1, theoretical basis for the relation between urban and rural areas. The theorem of relation between urban and rural areas has been discussed for long as a important issue in the human history. It mainly explains anal sizes and sums two aspects: the definition and contents of the relation between urban and rural areas. It points out that this relation mainly consists of political, economic and cultural relation between urban and rural areas, among which the economic one is the most essential one. Related theorems in history domestic or abroad, mainly includes the theories of authors of Marx Classics, some western theories in different angles of western economists and some theoretical conclusions of our government since the new China's founding. These are: the statement by Marx and Engles that the evolvement of urban and rural relation was a long inevitable history process along with the development of productivity, the statement that to demolish the opposition and separation of urban and rural areas is one of the most ultimate mission of communism by Lenin, the discourse that the relation of industry and agriculture is a essential issue in socialist economy by Stalin, thoughts of equality of industry and agriculture, giving attentions to urban and rural by Mao Zedong, Harmonious development of urban and rural by Deng Xiaoping, Overall arrangement of urban and rural development by Jiang Zemin and industry regurgitation-feeds agriculture, urban supports rural by the forth leadership of CPC.2, Analysis of the situation of the relation between urban and rural areas in China: dual structure economy and serious separation, which is obvious.This paper explains four things as follows: firstly,the derivation of the dual structure economy, which has five stages of development: form((1949—1957), consolidation(1958—1977), perfection(1978—1984), solidification (1985—2002) and prevention(2002—present).secondly, analysis on the characteristics of the dual structure economy, in which industry and urban orientation is the economic one, the odds of social and political position of the residents is the political one, discriminative governing, two policy in one state is the social one. Thirdly, analysis on the cause of formation of dual structure economy. Economic strategy reason: overtaking strategy with priority on heavy industry and under which the over extraction of heavy industry on agriculture; institution arrangement reason: planning system of separation of urban and rural areas, including unmarketable buying and sale household system; discriminative political system: including People's Communes in rural areas, unit's organization; cultural reasons: agriculture based tradition, Light to heavy agricultural thinking deep-rooted, emphasis on ethics rather than rational knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial spirit, which dose harm to the formation of equal, just and competitive spirits of market economy.Feasible reform: to plan urban and rural as a whole, is the key point of this paper. Firstly, analysis on the scientific connotation, significance and background of the overall planning of the development of urban and rural, proposes the theoretical foundation is the industrialization of agriculture, scientific development, and sustainable development. It also analyzed the situation, advantages and disadvantages, and experience domestic and abroad of overall planning of the urban and rural development. It lastly proposes, based on the above thinking, it comes to the critical period of the overall planning of the urban and rural development. We should keep on the industrialization, while put more attention on quality enhancement by new way of industrialization; leading on the way of developing specialized towns; move forward the construction of a new peasantry, develop modernization of agriculture. The above three relate to and develop each other. We should have a comprehensive strategy, various research to boost the above three methods, thus to become a huge powder for social spirit and construction. At the same time an episode of new mechanism shall be put forward, thus to lead it to develop in a sustainable way.The final target: all-in-one goal.It's a conclusion. it analyzed the theoretical foundation and real proof and its connotation, contents, based on which it formed a advice: urbanization should be taken with a good consideration of the geographic difference, thru reform and establishment of new mechanism. It also point out that we should develop the economy of counties and town, thus to construct a main body thru ordered directions by the government.The conclusion is also a expectation of the relation between urban and rural, thus to overall plan the development of urban and rural areas. It needs to break the dual structure economy and to establish a equal and harmonious relation between industry and agriculture, a joint prosperous relation within urban and rural areas, through which it reach a integrating developing road, departing from dual structure.