Science & Technology Innovation And The Regional Economic Non-Equilibrium Growth

Since performing the Reform and Open Policy, The economy in China has kept faster growth trend all through, and has been commended as Chinese miracle by the world. However, because of the economic transformation and non-equilibrium economic development strategy in different regions etc., the economic growth between the Eastern and the Medium,Western regions had presented the obvious evolutive trend of being strong in the Eastern region and being weak in the Western region, and especially the situation had increasingly kept extending the trend since 1990'. Today when science and technology is the first productivity has already become common c1ogition, and science and technology innovation has played more and more important roles in the regions'economic growth. So, that science and technology innovation will realize the economic growth manner transformation from Resource Push to Innovation Push, and consequently promote the economic faster growth in the Medium and Western regions, has already become a new project that will be hundredfold concerned and deeply researched by the government and the scholar.On the basis of the available related research literature in the overseas and domestic, the paper apllied the method of deduction and reasoning, criterional and experiential research, quality and qualitative analysis, historical summary and realistic comparison research, to study the intrinsic relation between the science and technology innovation and the economic growth by the numbers. Firstly, starting from the realistic character and evolutive trend of the regions'economic growth and innovation ability, we had put forward the key researchful problem; Secondly, through the theoretic analyse and experiential test,the paper deeply investigated the function effect that the Science and Technology innovation impact on the economy of the quantity growth, quantity improvement, growth contribution, growth path and the regional innovation ability's evaluation and distinguish in the Eastern, Medium, Western regions, and had systematically and overally evaluated regional economic effect to science and technology innovation; Finally, according to the former research, the paper had drawn the corresponding policy suggestion. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Since performing the Reform and Open Policy,the Theil Index and Std.Dev. coefficient of per GDP had continuously descended(1978-1990),then had gradually risen(1991-2005),thus had proved the economic total gap in our country present the stage character from declining originally to rising subsequently; The interior gap had reduced year by year, but the regions'gap had extended year by year; Seeing from static and dynamic state, the regions'economic growth in our county had presented the obvious evolutive trend of being strong in the Eastern region and being weak in the Western region. At the same time, the regions'innovation ability in our country was still at lower level, and the total pattern and evolutive trend of being strong in the Eastern region and being weak in the Western region was still obvious, and the development of the regions'innovation ability was very unbalance. The reason for the innovation difference between the Eastern region and Medium,Western regions was formed by the path through the science and technology innovation effecting on the knowledge creation ability, knowledge gain ability,enterprise's innovation ability, innovation environment and innovation performance etc.(2) The mechanism of science and technology innovation effecting on the economic growth, actually is to create durative total supply and total demand to push the economic persistent growth. The expense of science and technology innovation has the one-way Granger causality to the economic growth. Seeing from a long-term to short-term view, the expense of science and technology innovation had remarkable promoting effect to the economic growth, and it proved science and technology innovation has already become the motive headspring for promoting the regions'economic growth. At the same time, through the experiential research the paper had applied the Stochastic Frontier Approach with panel data to prove:①The R&D has the remarkable positive stimulation for the technique efficiency;②With the R&D expense increasing year by year, the average technique efficiency level in the Eastern, Medium and Western regions present an up-trend from 1998 to 2005;③With the development of time, the technique efficiency gap persistently present to extend between the Eastern region and the Medium, Western regions.(3) Through the experiential research, the paper had applied the Solor's economy growth model to prove:①Because of the advantages such as economy, policy and geography etc., the contribution for capital to the economic growth in the Eastern region is higher than the Medium and Western regions;②Since performing Reform and Open Policy(especially 1992),the economic growth in our country belongs to the typical capital devotion pattern;③Since 1992, the contribution for total factor productivity to the economic growth present to decrease effection year by year, and it's formation had the deep economic reason and the statistic reason.According to the comparable consideration, that the contribution degree of the economy growth for the growth rate of TFP in the Eastern region was obviously higher than in the Medium, Western regions was still the objective fact.(4) Through the experiential research, the paper had applied the Panel Data model to prove: the R&D expense has positive effect on the foreign trade in the Eastern, Medium and Western regions. Because of obvious R&D expense predominance and accumulative effect, the marginal contribution for R&D expense had contributed to export in the Eastern region is by far higher than the Medium and Western regions; At the same time, the R&D expense had remarkable positive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure, and the R&D expense had realized quality optimization and dynamic upgrading for the industrial structure through affecting the supply and demand structure, resources collocation, industry structure and the importing and exporting structure.(5) Based on the systemic, comprehensive, science and authority analysis, the paper had applied the related innovation ability index since 2001 in the《the Innovation Ability Report in Chinese Regions》,which writed by the Chinese science and technology development strategy research group,to investigate the difference for the regions'innovation ability in the Eastern, Medium and Western regions, and had proved by experiential research:①the innovation ability evaluation index system designed by the《the Innovation Ability Report in Chinese Regions》is scientific and reasonable, and can objectively and accurately evaluate our the regions'difference of the innovation ability;②The Factor Analysis instead of the Weighted Synthetical Evaluation method in the《the Innovation Ability Peport in Chinese Regions》is feasible, and provids the new basis and new methods for the regions'innovation ability research. At the same time, the paper had applied the Support Vector Machines to distinguish and test the index system of the regions'innovation ability, and prove the Support Vector Machines has a better discriminating effect to the regions'innovation ability, and the correctly identified rate in sample is by 93.55%.(6) The obstacle to science and technology innovation for the regions'harmonious development between economy and the science and technology was mainly lied in the institution innovation and enterprise idea obstacle, economic supporting and person with ability absence, the market obstacle etc. So, we must build up a comprehensive including environment supporting system, organization supporting system, main body supporting system, person with ability supporting system, market supporting system and the fund supporting system etc.The innovation of the paper lies in 3 aspects:Firstly, the paper made great efforts to perfect the analytical frame of our regional economy growth. Based on the theoretic foundation of the Science and Technology innovation creating the Gross Demand and Gross Supply persistent growth, from the different angles and profiles, the paper empirically investigated the function effect that the Science and Technology innovation impact on the economy of the quantity growth, quantity improvement, growth contribution, growth path and the regional innovation ability's evaluation and distinguish in the Eastern, Medium, Western regions. According to examination results, the paper hoped to provid the systemic and complete evidence supportion and the logistic analytical frame for the Science and Technology innovation impacting on our regional economy Non-Equilibrium growth,and it was the further expand and perfection to our regional economy growth study.Secondly, the paper attempted to apply some new advanced research method. The existed research production doubtlessly had the important reference value to the paper study, but it still needed to be further expanded and innovated, in order to make the model more actual and the conclusion more dependable. The paper attempted to apply the new data digging technique—Support Vector Machine(SVM) to carry on the quantificational evaluation and the distinguishing examination for the regional difference of the technique efficiency improvement, and attempted to apply the time sequence analytical method such as Co-integration test,Granger Causality test, generalized Impulse Responses Function and so on, to carry on the relatively comprehensive empirical analysis for the inherent mechanism of the Science and Technology innovation impacting on the economy growth. Currently, these advanced studying methods were still not much in the related research field in domestic, and draw the matched our country realistic and reasonable conclusions, then provided the new method and new way of thinkings for the research field, also made up the domestic study missing to some extent.Thirdly, the paper tried to change the study angle of view. The paper studied the regional difference that the Science and Technology innovation effected the economic variables such as the GDP, technique efficiency, total production factor, export and industrial structure etc, and carried on the all-directions and multi-angle empirical investigation, then draw a series of the valuable study conclusions that the Science and Technology was one of remarkable influence factor for our regional economy growth difference. According to this, the paper hoped to more completely evaluate the influence that the Science and Technology innovation effected on our regional economy Non-Equilibrium growth, therefore expanded the research angle for our regional economy study, and provided the new angle of view and new basises for applying the Science and Technology innovation to explain the our regional economy non-balanced growth.