Regional Science And Technology Innovation Efficiency Evaluation Considering Internal Transformation Of Innovation Process

As an important policy strategy to promote economic development and improve social productivity,the innovation-driven strategy is imperceptibly affecting the pattern of China's economy.As the primary productive force,science and technology are the backbone of social and economic transformation.Improving the capacity for independent innovation,promoting the construction of an innovative country,and emphasizing the importance of innovation for the development of the country and the nation are the requirements of the 18 th and 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Scientific and technological innovation is a powerful means to enhance China's overall national strength and promote China's products with independent intellectual property rights to go out of China and go global.Deeply exploring the utilization efficiency and influencing factors of regional science and technology innovation resources,realizing the rational allocation of scientific and technological innovation elements,and improving the efficiency level of scientific and technological innovation plays an important role in the realization of China's innovative countries.The Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)method is a non-parametric method for evaluating the relative effectiveness of multi-input and multi-output systems,the method is widely used for efficiency evaluation.The traditional DEA model regards the production process as a “black box” for analysis,regardless of the internal structure of the production system,it is often impossible to measure the system efficiency comprehensively.The proposed network DEA model can open the production “black box” and will measure efficiency by decomposing production process to multiple stages.At the same time,due to different economic development levels and uneven distribution of scientific and technological innovation resources,different decision-making units(DMUs)have heterogeneity.Therefore,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the internal transformation structure of the innovation process.From the perspective of heterogeneity of DMUs,measuring the efficiency of regional technological innovation and finding out the reasons for the inefficiency of technological innovation.Therefore,in order to more comprehensively analyze the regional science and technology innovation structure and consider the innovative production process,this paper starts from different production frontiers and combines the network DEA model to comprehensively measure the inefficiency of the production process from the perspective of relaxation.Combining the network DEA with the SBM method,on the one hand,it can specifically consider the internal transformation of the innovative production process,on the other hand,it can find the input redundancy and output shortage at each stage of the production process.At the same time,considering the heterogeneity of regional technical differences,the groupfrontier network SBM and the meta-frontier network SBM model are proposed.The provincial administrative regions are divided into three regions according to the administrative plan: eastern,central and western regions.The empirical analysis is the efficiency of DMUs in different regions under the different production of cutting-edge technologies.In order to measure the impact of environmental factors on regional science and technology innovation efficiency,Tobit regression is used to test the factors affecting the efficiency of science and technology innovation,in order to explore the mode of action of innovative environmental factors on the efficiency of each stage of the innovation process.The results of empirical studies indicate that:(1)The network SBM model constructed under different frontiers can take into account the influence of regional heterogeneity,measure the efficiency performance of each DMU under different reference DMUs,and can deepen from the perspective of input and output relaxation to analyze the reasons for the invalidity of scientific and technological innovation of DMUs.(2)Using the potential information function weighting method,different weights can be given to different efficiency stages of the DMU to avoid the subjectivity of artificial empowerment.(3)Results show that the level of scientific and technological innovation efficiency in the eastern region has developed steadily,and the level of scientific and technological innovation efficiency in the central and western regions has improved.This reflects the concept of coordinated and innovative development of the state and drives the central and western regions with the strong economic strength of the eastern region,and attempt to reduce the differences in inequality between regions.(4)Different environmental factors have a large or small,positive or negative impact on the overall efficiency and staged efficiency of science and technology innovation,and environmental factors cannot be separated.