Supply Chain Coordination Under Intervention Events With Stochastic Market Demand

This thesis is concerned with demand intervention management in supply chain systems which are faced stochastic market demands, it may be broken off by an intervention event such as country policy, natural calamity. Some of numerical models based on MATLAB are made. The main contents of the research are as following:(1) The supply chain coordination under intervention events with stochastic demand is put forward, which is not yet appear in the supply chain research field, and the research framework of mathematical model is introduced.(2) Based on the standard newsvendor problem, for the noncoordination contract(i.e. wholesale price contract) we obtain the optimal strategy in the demand intervention environment, and give some numerical examples to illustrate the results to show the importance of intervention management. For the coordination contracts(i.e. returns contract, revenue sharing contract, and rebate and penalty contract ) we analyse the effects of intervention event on the supply chain, obtain the optimal strategy for supply chain to the intervention, and propose the adjusted coordination contracts which have anti-intervention ability. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the optimal strategy.(3) The supply chain coordination under intervention events by allowing the retailer to choose his retail price in addition to his stocking quantity is extended. The coordination contracts with retail price effects are analysed. And then, the supply chain coordination under interventions is studied, the optimal strategies for supply chain to the intervention events are presented, and the adjusted contracts which have anti-intervention ability are proposed. By supposing the relationship between stochastic demand and price is an additive or a multiplicative fashion, the optimal models of the supply chain under interventions are established, and numerical examples are made to illustrate the effectiveness of the optimal strategy and the impact of retail price to the supply chain coordination.(4) The supply chain coordination under intervention events by allowing the retailer to exert costly effort to increase demand is extended. The coordination contracts with effort factor are analysed. And then, the supply chain coordination under interventions is studied, the optimal strategies for supply chain to the intervention events are presented, and the adjusted contracts which have anti-intervention ability are proposed. By supposing the relationship between stochastic demand and effort factor is an additive or a multiplicative fashion, the optimal models of the supply chain under interventions are established, and numerical examples are made to illustrate the effectiveness of the optimal strategy and the impact of effort factor to the supply chain coordination.(5) For a supply chain system with one supplier and multiple competing retailers, the coodination contracts are established. We find wholesale price contract can coordinate the supply chain in the multiple newsvendors case and revenue-sharing contract is equivalent to returns contract in the newsvendors case with a fixed retail price. The supply chain coordination with multiple competing retailers under intervention events is studied, the optimal strategies for supply chain to the intervention events are presented, and the adjusted contracts which have anti-intervention ability are proposed. Numerical examples simulate the optimization of the supply chain with multiple competing retailers and illustrate the effectiveness of the optimal strategy.Come to conclusions by studying: (1) The researches are mainly aimed at coordination supply chain. When stochastic market scale change is small, keeping the original order plan can achieve the maximum profit of the supply chain. This shows that the original order plan has certain robustness under intervention events. When the relationship between demand and effort factor is a multiplicative fashion or an additive, the robustness region of multiplicative fashion is smaller than the latter. (2) When market scale changes significantly by intervention events, adjusting the order quantity becomes necessary. The original contracts cannot coordinate the supply chain in this case. In this thesis, the adjusted contracts which have anti-intervention ability are proposed, and it can coordinate the supply chain under interventions. (3) When market scale change is small, the original order plan is not changed, and supplier's production plan is not revised ( in the standard wholesale price model, by adjusting wholesale price, the original order quantity is still kept). (4) The supply chain of demand dependent on retail price differs from other cases on the intervention management. Under intervention events, retail price is changing with the market scale, revising the production plan which is the optimal decision becomes necessary.