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Study On Utilization And Management Of Agricultural Water Resources Based On Ecological And Gricultural Security

Posted on:2010-10-19Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y LiuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1119360302455678Subject:Agricultural Economics and Management
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Since the reform and opening-up in 1979, China's economy has been growing at high speed continuously for more than 30 years. Although high-speed growth is very important for China's economic and social development, it is beyond question that we must also recognize that such high-speed growth to some extent, is built on the basis of excessive consumption of resources. Water resources is the quite valuable and unique one in all of the resources, so we must pay great attention to the water resources carrying capacity problem caused by economic growth. At present, the agricultural water accounts for more than 70 percents in the total consumption of national economy in China. Too much industrial water and ecological water was occupied by agricultural water, which has become a prominent problem restricting the development of agriculture and the entire national economy. In the transition period of high-speed economic development, the quantity shortages and the quality decline of water resources has become the "bottleneck" restricting economic development. The inappropriate utilization and allocation of water resources has affected the agricultural security and social stability in a way, also has spread to the ecosystem system and even influence its cycle efficiency. How to manage the agricultural water efficiently and improve the utilization efficiency is an urgent problem needs to be resolved as quickly as possible.The whole dissertation focuses on the dual goals of ecological security and agricultural security, using the guideline of sustainable utilization to study the issue of agricultural water resources management. Based on the theoretical basis of the Agricultural Economics, Resources and Environmental Economics, Sustainable Development Theory, this dissertation attempts to use analysis standard model of economics and adopts the way of combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis to study the utilization and management issues of China's agricultural water. The main research contents include the state evaluation of ecological and agricultural security, the utilization efficiency of agricultural water, the Kuznets curve fitting between agricultural water use and economic growth, the micro-analysis of water resources use, and the management policies of agricultural water, etc. In order to ensure that agricultural water resources can be transferred to industrial and domestic water under the dual goal of ecological security and agricultural security, the dissertation search for the implementation path and specific policies to enhance the efficiency of water use in agriculture and to promote farmers and society welfare by deep analysis, mainly from these prospective, such as the farmers' water-saving decision-making, the farmers' reducing fertilizer amount decision-making, the performance of reform in water management organizational model, the subsititution function of water-saving irrigation investment, the water price subsidies, and so on. Through analysis, the conclusions of the dissertation are as follows. Firstly, from 1997 to 2006, China's agriculture security has taken on a stable upward trend; ecological security of agricultural water resources trends to deterioration in the overall. Up to 2006, the distance of ecological and agricultural security from their target is enlarged under agricultural water use condition at present.Secondly, China's agricultural water use overall has not shown a higher level of technical efficiency since 1999. The gap of efficiency between provinces on frontier surface and other provinces is widening, and the efficiency in most of provinces is low. The current low efficiency level can protect agricultural security but can not ensure ecological security. In the same time span, the low utilization efficiency of water, the descending ecological security and increasing agricultural security testify that improving utilization efficiency, developing eco-agriculture and reducing non-point water pollution caused by agricultural production are important pattern to adjust the goal conflict between agricultural security and ecological security.Thirdly, industrial proportion, population density, urbanization are the important exogenous variables influencing agricultural water total quantity. There exists stable N shaped relationship between agricultural water use and economic growth. Most of provinces are located at falling phase of N shaped curve now, but the rebound of water use quantity should be on guard. In order to hold back the rebound, it is quite necessary and urgent to promote the management system reform further and popularize water-saving technology.Fourthly, characteristics of personal, family, external environment and technology itself are important affecting variables in the farmers' decision-making of adopting and sustainable using technology. By analyzing, the dissertation finds out householder's age, scientific fertilizer willingness, operating scale, arable land fragmentation, distance between land and home, agricultural labor proportion and technical training have significant impacts on the chemical fertilizer application amount.Fifthly, the dissertation educes the conclusion that management system is an indispensable means to improve water use efficiency. The irrigation manage mode should be reformed to SIDD, which is more efficient and sustainable. There is great substitute elasticity between irrigation investment and irrigation water amount. There is a larger elasticity of substitution exists between irrigation investment and irrigation water, increasing financial support to irrigation funds can play the role of water-saving irrigation. In the case of two-part water price, the subsidy system of 'Implicit Subsidy Changed into Explicit Subsidy' has a water-saving incentive at present.The innovative points of the dissertation are as follows.Firstly, the research perspective is relative novel. The dissertation study agricultural water resources under the dual target of agricultural security and ecological security. There are many papers on this topic, however, they study agricultural security and ecological security separately, and papers which take agricultural security and ecological security as dual target is lack. The interaction among agricultural water use patterns, ecological security and agricultural security is described by theoretical analysis, and their security states are empirical studied. At the same time, coupling relationship among pressure, state, response of agricultural security and ecological security is simulated. Furthermore, the dissertation makes empirical analysis on household's water-saving behavior and economic policies of water resources management. In a word, the dissertation builds the analytical framework of the agricultural water resources use and management under the dual targets of ecological security and agricultural security.The second innovative point lies in the empirical method. Under the theoretical framework of Total Factor Productivity, the dissertation evaluates sub-provinces' utilization efficiency by DEA method and validates the Kuznets hypothesis between agricultural water use and economic growth. Other papers usually evaluate water resources efficiency by ratio method which calculates the single factor productivity and ignores the capital and labor factors' substitute and contribution function to productivity. Multiple input indexes and output indexes are allowed in DEA method, so other production factors could be included. The validation of Kuznets hypothesis of agricultural water use reviews the stage trend of water quantity under the framework of economic growth. Although the relationship between environment pollution and economic growth, and the one between industrial water use and economic growth become the research focus recently, the valuable papers on empirical analysis on hypothesis of Kuznets between agricultural water resources and economic growth is lack.Thirdly, the dissertation obtains a series of valuable conclusion. China's agriculture security has taken on a stable upward trend, while ecological security of agricultural water resources trends to deterioration in the overall. Utilization efficiency is low on the whole. How to reform agricultural water management mechanism effectively and popularize water-saving technology should be considered in future. Characteristics of personal, family endowment, external environment are all important affecting variables in household's water-saving decision-making. Irrigation funds and subsidy system of 'Implicit Subsidy Changed into Explicit Subsidy' can play the role of water-saving. According to these conclusions, many operable measures are put forward. These measures have important theoretical and practical guiding value for enhancing water utilization efficiency to ensure ecological security and agricultural security.
Keywords/Search Tags:Agricultural Water resources, Agricultural Security, Ecological Security, Utilization, Management
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