Water Resources Sustainable Utilization In China Based On Food Security

Based on Water Resources Sustainable Utilization Theory in agricultural production, the paper analyses the influence of water shortage on food security according to the characteristics of agricultural water resources in China. Since water for farm use is greatly taken for industrial and domestic use, agricultural water utilization become inefficient, water-saving irrigation technique is below the overall country level with irrigation project aging. Serious loss of water and soil,deteriorating of environmental, marked decrease of yearly precipitation, drought and flood disasters in recent years all bring water resources shortage in China, and threaten the food security, as a result study water resources sustainable utilization in agricultural production is necessary.Then, by virtue of panel data from 1999 to 2007, the paper calculate the agricultural water stress index of all the provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions. The results shows that agricultural water stress index firstly decreased and then overall increased at the national level.Similarly, regional index also shows a sharp divergence, with the pressure index gradually decrease from eastern region to the west. Furthermore, China's agricultural water stress index by absolute value approach shows great difference in various provinces. All in all, China's agricultural water stress index is at a higher level.The way to reduce agriculture water stress index is to analyse which factors affect the agricultural water pressure. The paper embark on the influence of three factors including technical efficiency in food production, local economic growth level (GDP) and local water resource endowments on agricultural water stress index. Firstly, the paper calculate the technical efficiency of food production by DEA, and then use the time random effects models and possible generalized least squares (General FGLS) to estimate the impact of three factors on agricultural water stress index. The result shows that technical efficiency of food production is significantly negative correlated to agricultural water stress index; economic growth firstly decrease agricultural water stress and then promote it, which proves when economic growth comes to a certain level, agricultural water stress will be decreased to a certain extent. But at present, China's economic growth (GDP) generally increases agricultural water stress; water resources endowment is the major exterior factors acting on agricultural water stress index, so that rich water resources endowment can reduce the region's agricultural water stress index to some extent. Based on the results, improving the technical efficiency in food production and optimizing the allocation of food production resources can effectively reduce agricultural water stress in China, and certainly become the best approach to achieve sustainable use of agricultural water resources.