The Study For The Question Of Land Circulation In The Rural Areas

Land system, institutional infrastructure of rural land circulation, defines the nature, intention and extension of land circulation. The rural land circulation is established, as an improvement and supplement, on the framework of current land system. With the rapid development of China's economy, contradictions between the household contract responsibility system and scale operations of agriculture have become increasingly prominent. Rural land circulation has been speeding up, and it has caused the decision-makers'great concern. In this thesis the author has collected related documents from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. The former mainly includes the following five parts of land system:historic change, significance, motivations, legal framework, and current situations. The latter mainly explores four sections of rural land circulation:market, income distribution, farmer behaviors and primary-level organizations. Considering current situations of China rural land circulation, the author elaborates the factors which affects current rural land circulation, such as rights of land property, modes of circulation, fostering of market system, supervision of land circulation. Furthermore, the causes of the current problems have been analyzed intensively from economic perspective.As an important factor of production, like all other factors, land can be economic goods with corresponding characteristics and thus its circulation is bound to abide by economic laws and be affected by economic policies and systems. In this thesis, the author first sums up dynamisms of rural land circulation through normative analysis, based on different dominant forces of land contract and management rights, three modes of land circulation- collective organization-oriented, non-government-oriented and capital-oriented have been elaborated. Subsequently, modes of Changsha rural land circulation have been extensively analysizedEquality and voluntary are the basic principles for the rural land circulation. The thesis has discussed the farmers' voluntary from both the objective and subjective perspectives, utizing first-hand fieldwork information through statistic and econometric model. The objective factors mainly refer to three facts:household's attribute, household size, land farming conditions and family financial status, while subjective factor focuses on the influence of policy environment on land circulation. Through empirical research, the author draws a conclusion that farmers' voluntary in land circulation embodies mostly as an economical behavior, displaying some social factors.According to Game Theory, the balance of institutional arrangements actually refers to the balance between configurations of all the relevant interests and groups interests. The rural land system, as an important institutional arrangement for a country's politics and economy, concerns not only a country's political stability and economic development, but also all the property right interests of various economic agents. Therefore, the choice of the rural land institutional arrangements is bound to be influenced by all the groups' interests, and its design must balance the interests of the inflow side of the land, the outflow side, the local governments and the central governments. In this thesis the author analyzes the price mechanisms of the rural land circulation, the distribution mechanisms of residual income and the supervisory mechanisms (the upper government to the grassroot government or organization).In the ending part, based on China's current situations of land circulation, the author, utilizing the research data from investigation and analysis, puts forward feasible policy proposals to perfect China's land circulation system.