Analysis Of The Economics Of Labor Conflict

China's labor-capital relations in the period of transition have changed greatly, from a relatively quiescent state before the transition to a continuously moving state of"establishment, change and termination"; from labor relations mode of single public ownership to diverse, complex system of labor-capital relations; from the fixed working system to the employment system based on labor market. In the transformation process of labor-capital relations, both parties' rights structure is showing more and more clearly a characteristic of"strong capital and weak labor". The labor-capital conflicts gradually tend to become more and more evident and intensified, the outstanding performance of which is the number of conflicts is increasing significantly, the scale of conflicts is expanding continuously, the extent of both parties' violence resistance is enhancing significantly, and so on. The labor-capital conflicts have become one of the most prominent social issues in the period of transition, so study of the labor-capital conflicts coordination mechanism is of realistic urgency and necessity. According to this, this paper, based on related previous research and Marx's theory of labor-capital relations, investigates the root and nature of China's labor-capital conflicts on the context of the transition economy, the formation mechanism and evolution trend of labor-capital conflicts, and puts forward my own proposals on the establishment of labor-capital conflicts regulation mode with Chinese characteristics.Chapter 1 is the introduction. It clarifies the significance of this study, and then on the foundation of review and critique of domestic and abroad study of labor-capital relations and conflicts, determines the framework of this study, research methods and research priorities.Chapter 2 is on the related theory of labor-capital relations. Before study of labor-capital conflicts we must first define the meaning and nature of labor-capital relations as the starting point for analysis. The labor-capital relations studied in this paper are the relations of rights and obligations that occur in the working process between labor and employers each individual or organized, whose essence is a kind of economic interests relations. A natural confrontation and contradiction exists in this kind of relations: one party is pursuing wages and welfare to maximum, the other is pursuing profits maximization and cost minimization; at the same time, consistency exists between them because both interests are dependent on the growth of social wealth and efficiency, and social wealth comes from the combination of labor and capital, the two basic factors of production. Modern labor-capital relations, without exception, have interests of confrontation and consistency, different only in each share, if the interests of consistency dominate, cooperative labor-capital relations can be formed, and if the interests of confrontation dominate, conflict labor-capital relations can be formed.Chapter 3 analyzes the source of labor-capital conflicts. Firstly,defining the meaning and forms of labor-capital conflicts: conflicts often refer to the differences or contradiction of both parties'interests, goals and expectations, the underlying causes of which can be analyzed from different perspectives such as Marxist division of labor and capital based on private ownership, the Western mainstream economics'"economic man assumption"and sociology's conflict theory, etc. On this basis, combined with transitional characteristics, the article concretely analyses the labor-capital relations and the source of labor-capital conflicts in China. The essence of economic transformation is the readjustment of the relations of production to adapt to and promote the development of productive forces, the core of which is organic combination of two basic points of market economy: labor or labor property rights and material capital or its property rights. Driven by the economic transformation, especially reform of the state-owned enterprises, the economic relations between the Government, enterprises and labor changed significantly. Accompanying with the emergence of the privately owned economy such as the foreign-funded enterprises, private enterprises and township enterprises, the pattern of the administrative style of the original state-owned enterprises and the integrated labor-capital relations has broken into the recognition of the existence of multiple interests. Class partition emerged gradually between labor and capital owners on the economic, political and social status, resulting in different interest demands, and labor-capital contradiction and conflicts have been revealed.Chapter 4 analyses the evolution mechanism of labor-capital conflicts in the period of economic transition. After our country experienced a brief stage of equalization at the beginning of the transformation, we come into an adjustment time of interest structure, followed by a corresponding change in labor-capital conflicts from the originally separate, simplistic and recessive characteristic to a gradually collective, complex and dominant nature, even appearing the more acute and enlarging trend. We can see that the emergence and evolution of China's labor-capital conflicts occurred precisely in the process of economic transformation, almost simultaneously with the latter, so it is necessary to explore the evolution mechanisms of labor-capital conflicts from a perspective of system transformation. The mode of China's economy transformation basically belongs to a type of asymptotic reform of"first easy and difficult behind". This mode reduced the impact on the socio-economic and political environment as much as possible, but led to the accumulation of some problems and contradictions in the transition process, which influenced and constrained the interest adjustment of labor-capital relations and became a booster to the evolution of labor-capital conflicts. From the general point of view, these problems can be summed up as"lagging effect"of system transition with"incompatible and non-uniform nature", that is, in the initial stage, although the hard nuclear component is adjusted, it is not substantively reorganized, coupled with the lack of supporting policies and measures, resulting in gradually increasing reform difficulty and cost and developing contradictions and conflicts between the various stakeholders.Chapter 5 is about the evolution and enlightenment of foreign regulation mechanism of labor-capital conflicts. I first introduce the evolution of the labor-capital conflicts theory from confrontation to cooperation, which lays the theoretical foundation to grasp the evolution law of labor-capital conflicts in the market economy. Then I make some comparative analysis of regulation policies about labor-capital conflicts in Western developed countries and emerging market economies, and sum up some experience and enlightenment.Chapter 6 is about regulation goals mode,regulation mechanisms and concrete policy suggestions of labor-capital conflicts in the period of China's economic transformation. I first analyze the reform target of China's labor-capital relations: that is harmonious labor-capital relations and its characteristics. Then, combining the background that our country sets up harmonious labor-capital relations: the advantages of socialism and the challenges of transformation period, and corresponding to the diverse, complex labor-capital relations mode, I proposed that labor-capital relations adjustment mechanism should also be a multi-layered, multi-angle adjustment system. This regulating system includes three levels: macro, micro and medium. Macro regulating mechanism mainly means that the government guarantees the necessary labor institutional supply, through the formulation of related labor laws, regulations and policies, and establishment of coordinating bodies and organizations, intervenes, adjusts and regulates labor relations operation; micro regulating mechanism comes mainly from the perspective of enterprises to construct equal game player body through the reform of management system, establishment of a new profit values and reform of trade union organization structure, etc., and finally achieves an internalization mechanism of balanced labor-capital relations; medium regulating mechanism is mainly to resolve such problems as can be resolved only within certain regions and industries, for example, vocational training, labor's free cross-regional flow and regional or industrial collective bargaining. On this basis, the article gives some suggestions on how to build harmonious labor-capital relations in transition time: a sound legal system of labor-capital relations; perfect administrative mediation means of labor-capital conflicts; building of macro early warning system of labor-capital conflicts and supervision system of government regulation; change of enterprise's management philosophy and structure; reform of trade union system to strengthen the bargaining position of labor; improving related employment-promoting policies; establishment of a sound social security system and so on.