Research On Intergrated Relationship Among Human Capital, Network Capacity And Enterprise Competitive Advantage

The survival of the fittest is the basic law of market economy. The great contrast between the importance of competitive advantage and the shortage of Chinese enterprise competitive advantage attracts us to make researches on enterprise competitive advantage and other related issues. Nowdays, the new characters of enterprise competitive advantage and the strategic status of network capacity or human capital not only make it possible for us to study enterprise competitive advantage from the view of network capacity or human capital, but also make it necessary. In related literature review of human capital, network capacity and enterprise competitive advantage, we find that existing study is often a separate application of human capital theory or network capacity theory to explain enterprise competitive advantage, lacking of integrated research which applies these two major theories of human capital, network capacity to enterprise competitive advantage at the same time. Therefore, the intrinsic relation between human capital and enterprise network capacity, as well as their interpretation of competitive advantage in the level of relations is still a theoretical black box. Based on this, we put forward the main issue:the integrated relationship among human capital, network capacity and the enterprise competitive advantage. According to this issue, Attempting profoundly to reveal the integrated relationship among human capital, network capacity and enterprise competitive advantage, this paper adopted the way combining theoretical analysis and empirical testing, through literature review, on-the-spot interview and questionnaire analyses.Through study, the paper reached the following conclusions:(1) Enterprise human capital as a whole concept rather than a individual, is a second-order six-dimensional variable. Entrepreneurial human capital, managerial human capital, professional human capital, human capital investment, human capital allocation, and human capital incentives belong to important dimension of enterprise human capital. (2)The external pressures of the globalization of markets,technology,production and the environmental uncertainty,as weU as the intemal demand of resource acquisition,risk constraints and excessiVe competition strongly motivate the formation of enterprise network capacity．Enterprise network capacity is the result of coordinated interaction among network experprience habituation,organizational processes and organizational learning, which is a high-order multi-dimensional variable．The network flexible decision-making capacity,the network coordinating and controlling capacity,the network operating capacity are its important dimensions．However,the network flexible decision-making capacity can be diVided into network sense-making and netWOrk strategic decisiOn-making．The network coordinating and controlling capacity can be divided into network strategic coordinating and network strategic controlling．The Network operating capacity can be divided into the relationship start,resource communication and relationship coordinatiOn of the inter-organizational．The formation and evolution Of enterprise network capacity is based on the knowledge accumulation of human capital stOck and the knowledge renewal of human capital flow．(3)Enterprise competitiVe advantage is the result of coordination and co-evolution between overall value creation advantage and realization advantage,which can be measured by the enterprise overall value advantages,and is a second—order four-dimensional variable．The advantages of sharehOlder Value,human capital value,partnership value,customer value are its important dimensions．At present,the main obstacles for Chinese enterprises to achieve competitive advantage are the advantages of human capital value and partnerships value．(4)The more intense the network capacity is,the more conducive to realizing enterprise competitive advantage the entelprise is．The direct impacts of varieties of network capacity on enterprise competitive advantage are not the same．The network Operating capacity mostly affected enterprise cornpetitive advantage,followed by network flexible decision-making capacity,and the minimum is network coordinating and controlling capacity．The more intense the human capital stock and flow is, the more conducive to realizing competitive advantage the enterprise is. Not only can the variety of human capital stock affect competitive advantage directly, but also can affect enterprise competitive advantage indirectly by network capacity, whose overall extent of impact are different. Professional human capital makes great overall impact on the enterprise competitive advantage, followed by the entrepreneurial human capital, the minimum is the managerial human capital. Varieties of human capital flow does not make a direct impact on enterprise competitive advantage, and makes indirect impact on enterprise competitive advantage through a variety of human capital stock and network capacity, whose extent of indirect impact is not the same. Human capital allocation makes great impact on enterprise competitive advantage, followed by human capital incentives, the minimum is human capital investment. The more intense the human capital stock and flow is, the more favorable to the formation and evolution of network capacity the enterprise is. The specific content of various human capital stock to affect enterprise network capacity is different. The entrepreneurial human capital makes impact on the enterprise network flexible decision-making capacity. The managerial human capital affects enterprise network coordinating and controlling capacity. The professional human capital affects enterprise network operating capacity. Human capital flow may not make direct impact on of enterprise network capacity, but it may make indirect impact on enterprise network capacity through human capital stock. The dynamic human capital investment, human capital allocation, and human capital incentives will have a direct positive relationship for static entrepreneurial human capital, managerial human capital, and professional human capital.(5) For enterprise competitive advantage, comprehensively applying human capital flow, human capital stock, network capacity and considering their relationship is of mere intensive explanatory power than applying a few factor of them. It can profoundly reveal the order relationship and functional mechanism of human capital flow, human capital stock and network capacity which are used to explain enterprise competitive advantage. (6) Environmental uncertainty and enterprise size make impact on enterprise competitive advantage, but industry type does not make great impact on enterprise competitive advantage. The more uncertain the environment is, the more conducive to realizing competitive advantage the enterprise is. The larger the enterprise is, the more conducive to realizing competitive advantage the enterprise is.