A Study Of The Development Of Diversified Subjects In Chinese Public Services Supply

The public service supply is not only the core component of the public service system, but also the main content in the public service reform.The development of diversified subjects in public service supply, which is under the tendency of international public service reform, is the need of the innovation of public service.In the six decades and more since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the basic public service system with Chinese characteristics has gradually established, such as education, medical treatment, employment, social security, etc. and the multilayered level of public service network is tending perfectly. "China Development Report of Public Service of 2006", which was finished by the experts of the Development Research Center of the State Council and the Chinese Academy of social sciences, pointed out that the current public service of Chinese government was "the low-level overall, uneven development, inefficiency, and similarly standard", and the comprehensive performance of the basic public service was in a low level. Facing such an rigor actuality, the development of diversified subjects in public service supply can improve the efficiency, equality and washability. So looking from the perspective of the development of diversified subjects in public service supply, this dissertation from different lays to analysis the feasibility, achievements and problems of public service supply, pointed out that the public sector, private sector and social organization are all necessary in the public service supply. And giving advice that to form the relationship between government, market, the public and the social organization according to the type of public service, the economic and social conditions of the public service supply, and build the mechanisms to reduce or eliminate the risks and problems in the development of diversified subjects in public service supply.To study the development of diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply, the thesis is based on two dimensions:one is through regular theory study to describe the meaning, type and content of "Public Service", and summaries and surveys the three types of public service supply (the governmental, marketable and the social) on theoretic origin, and to explore the agents of the development of diversified subjects in public service supply. The other is according to empirical research to analysis the conditions and problems of the development of diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply, summarize the domestic and foreign experiences of public service supply, reform and innovation, to advance the general thinking. Guiding principle, sector structure, operation model and safeguard mechanisms of the development of diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply, and expound the division and cooperate relationship between public sector, private sector and social organization in public service supply. The thesis includes six chapters:Chapter 1 is introduction, which dwells on the worth of the topic, the research situation, research methods and the frame of the treatise.Chapter 2 is the study of the theoretic origin of the public service supply model. Theory of public goods is the main content of modern public finance theory. As the development of the theory of public goods, the researchers'focus has shifted from studying the concept and characteristics of public goods to studying the supply of public goods. According to the present literatures in this field both China and abroad, the main models of public goods supply are three:governmental, marketable and social. It will help us to get a complete understanding of subjects in public service supply.Chapter 3 is the study of the factors of the development of diversified subjects in public service supply. The innovation of the theory, the development of society and the transformation of government functions are the constituent agents of the development of diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply. The innovation of the theory is mainly embodied in New Public Administration, Public Choice Theory and Governance Theory. The development of society is mainly from the profound changes of public needs and the in-depth development of social organization. The transformation of government functions are attributed to the limitations of public sector, which were in functions, finance, ability, limited rationality, insufficient information and the problems of government in public services supply, such as monopoly, insufficient, difficulty in measuring the quality and quantity, and difficulty in defining the functions, etc. Chapter 4 is the study of the current situation. According to summarizing and analyzing the changes of public service system, the practice of diversified subjects in public service supply (both the achievements and problems) of China, to present the history and the current condition of Chinese public service supply. The main contents are as following:reviewing the four stages of China public service supply system reform; summarizing the general effect of the development of diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply from the expenditure of government public service supply, the policy making, and the deregulation; analyzing the problems of diversified subjects in public service supply in current situation from three perspectives:public sector, private sector and social organization.Chapter 5 is benchmarking research. Based on review the public service reforms of England, America, Singapore and Korea, the conclusion is that the point we should learn from the abroad, the first is the model of public service supply should be compatible with the economy and social development; the second is focus on establishing a perfect system about public service; the third is to emphasize public spirit as administerial ethics; the fourth is the introduction of market mechanism in public service supply; the fifth is establishing legal and institutional system of public service supply to ensure the variety of effective forms of public service supply; the sixth is paying attention to keep the balance among market, government and social organization; the seventh is persevering the concept of limited market of public service and enhancing the dominant function of the government.Chapter 6 is the study of the path selection. The current abroad tends and features of development of public service supply are providing reference for developing the diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply. Base on Chinese realities, the suggestion is improving the development of diversified subjects in Chinese public service supply, which depends on five measures:the overall thinking, guiding principle, building the structure of suppliers, diversifying the supply model and building safeguard mechanisms.