Research On The Relationship Between Influencing Factors Of Returned Peasant Laborers' Entrepreneurship And Their Entrepreneurial Activities

It has been widely accepted that entrepreneurship can greatly promote economic and social developments. How to encourage and support the returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship has begun to attract the attention of local governments and relevant departments. Returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship can not only solve the problem of the entrepreneurs themselves, increasing their income, but also can create more job opportunities for society, and help to resolve the resettlement of rural surplus labor. As a special group appeared in china's special period, returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial activities and entrepreneurial influencing factors are all different from normal entrepreneurs'. Now, there are only few researches on this field. Although there are some domestic research literatures on returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship, analyzing the relevant influencing factors, the existing researches are mostly qualitative-based, not revealing the intrinsic link between the influencing factors and the entrepreneurial activities, especially with their key dimensions, which is just the goal of this paper.From the study of existing literatures, it is known that returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship means peasants who have worked in cities for a while and finally returned to their hometown to conduct entrepreneurial activities by using their accumulated and mastered capital, technology, experience and information resources.In the current stage, the status and features of our returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship turn out to be as follows. Firstly, most of these returned peasant laborers choose agriculture and related industries to start up, especially in labor-intensive industries. Secondly, most of them choose local places near the urban area. Thirdly, returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial capital is mostly their own money or collected from relatives and friends. Lastly, most of the organizational framework of their entrepreneurship is family organization. The main reason of those people choosing to start up a business is their will to solve their employment and increase income. Moreover, their wish to return home and live with their family is also a cause. Lastly, the existing dual structure in urban and rural economics and society also force peasant laborers to return home. The key dimensions of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial influencing factors include financial support, entrepreneurial policies, governmental entrepreneurial programs, entrepreneurial education and training, local infrastructure, entry regulation and entrepreneurial culture norms. The two key dimensions of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship are entrepreneurial attitudes and perception, and entrepreneurial aspiration.The objects of this research are peasant laborers who are working or have worked outside the rural areas, including returned peasants who have already set up enterprises or agricultural cooperative organizations, and those that plan to do this. 967 questionnaires were sent out in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Shanxi, Fujian, Hubei and 548 valid questionnaires were collected. Based on these data, descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were made by applying Spss and Amos Statistical Analysis Softwares. It is found that except entrepreneurial policies and entry regulation, other influencing factors of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship have significant positive relationship with entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration. Furthermore, entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration play a role of intermediary, and the entrepreneurial culture norms of employment place plays a role of moderator in the relationship of influencing factors of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship and their entrepreneurial activities.The analysis above comes to the conclusions of this paper:Firstly, the effect of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship's influencing factors on returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration is confirmed. However, the effect of entrepreneurial policies and entry regulation on returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration is not confirmed. The most significant influencing factor to returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial attitude and perception is local entrepreneurial cultural norms, and the most significant influencing factor to entrepreneurial aspiration is entrepreneurial education and training.Secondly, returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration significantly influence their entrepreneurial activities. Entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration play a role of intermediary between returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship and influencing factors. However, entrepreneurial attitude and perception and entrepreneurial aspiration only play a partly intermediary role since the entrepreneurial influencing factors have a direct effect on the final entrepreneurial activities.Thirdly, the relationship between the entrepreneurial culture norms of employment place and entrepreneurial activities is confirmed. Although we have only confirm that entrepreneurial culture norms of employment place play a role of moderator between entrepreneurial influencing factors and entrepreneurial aspiration, this does prove entrepreneurial culture norms of employment place can affect returned peasants'entrepreneurial activities by influencing their aspiration, making them willing to accept and adopt new things, and improving their entrepreneurial levels.The theoretical meanings of this paper are as follows: defining the meaning of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship, constructing the model of the relationship between influencing factors of returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship and their entrepreneurial activities, deciding the key dimensions of returned Peasant Laborers'entrepreneurship and influencing factors, and finally testing the hypotheses.The practice meanings are as follows: confirming the relationship between returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurship and all influencing factors except entrepreneurial policies and entry regulation. The most significant influencing factor to returned peasant laborers'entrepreneurial attitude and perception is local entrepreneurial culture norms, and the most significant influencing factor to entrepreneurial aspiration is entrepreneurial education and training. This means the government and relevant departments should first notice the importance of entrepreneurial finance, government entrepreneurial programs, entrepreneurial education and training, infrastructure and entrepreneurial culture norms. Then they should develop and implement more targeted, relevant business supporting policies, and develop a number of entrepreneurial programs which do not need much capital and technology for returned peasant'laborers.This research still involves some problems and limitations, which could be the direction of future research and be solved in the future.