The Study Of Design Of Sustainable Rural Housing In The Cold Regions In North China

This thesis is a research dissertation on the construction and design of rural housing and its topic is "the Researches on Construction and Design of the Sustainable Rural Housing in the Countryside of Cold Areas in North China". To make a good job of the researches, the writer participated in the work of Tianjin University’s research team of "the Researches on the Technical Standards of Energy-saving and Thematic Demonstration of the Housing in the Cold Climate Zones" and along with the said team, made on-the-spot investigations on the rural housing of 42 households in 18 towns of the cold areas in North China such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and etc. In light of the on-the-spot investigations, in the said thesis, the existing problems in respect of the design, construction and energy utilization of the rural housing in North China area are pointed out and the causes giving rise to such problems are seriously analyzed at various angles such as politics, economy, policy and the actual conditions in China. To push ahead with the work of construction and design of the sustainable rural housing, the writer has not only put forward the approach to solve the policy’s bottleneck impeding the construction and development of the countryside but also advanced the design methods suitable for the construction of the sustainable rural housing.Through analysis of the existing problems in the construction of rural housing, in the thesis, the writer asserts that the policy’s bottleneck impeding the construction and development of the countryside mainly lies in the long-term practice of the management system of "the dual structure of city and country" and proposes that the external environment favorable to the construction of sustainable rural housing be created by means of administrative support, public participation, economic feasibility and guiding role of planning.In the thesis, the architectural design and environmental design of the sustainable rural housing are elaborated at two angles of "suitable dwelling" and "pleasant dwelling". The thesis explains that the pursuit of "suitable dwelling" of the sustainable rural housing is embodied with the tactics of adoption of adaptability design of rural housing. By means of the design tactics of standardization and systemization of the parts of rural housing, separation of supporting members and separable members, spatial multi-adaptability and etc., the conventional concept that the predictive layout of the rural housing should be static and invariable is broken down for possessing the rural housing of more structural and spatial flexibility and inclusiveness so as to suit to the family’s lateral diversity and longitudinal dynamic characteristics. And the pursuit of "pleasant dwelling" of the sustainable rural housing is embodied in the design of the indoor and outdoor environment of the rural housing. So, the writer advocates striving to explore the sense of natural beauty, seeking the way of expression of natural beauty and tapping the unique glamour that the country life is close to the nature, through the design at four angles of vision, audition, tactility and olfaction.This thesis has also touched the issue of energy utilization of the sustainable rural housing from two aspects of "tapping new sources of supply" and "reducing consumption". "Tapping new sources of supply" means "developing and utilizing the renewable energy sources". And it probes into utilization of the renewable energy in the countryside of North China area including the multi-feasibility and design tactics for the utilization of solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy. "Reducing the consumption" means "the efficient utilization of energy". And it explores the efficient utilization of energy sources by means of the design of wall, roof, floor and underground component parts, door and windows as well as the treatment of heat-bridge, drawing on the mature experience of urban residence while taking the life style of rural residents and the characteristic of the sources of building materials into consideration.