Research On The Role And Influence On The Process Of The Public Policy By Chinese Interest Groups

Interest group is a historical political phenomenon which is an indispensable and important element in the political system and always accompanied with democratic politics. With the social transformation and the establishment of the socialist market economy, China is transforming from the oneness society to multiplex society, which accompanied with the differentiation and restructuring of social benefit structure since China reforming and opening. There is a phenomenon attract the whole social attention in China, that is Chinese interest groups are created and developed after the original social benefit structure broken along with the new interest group and class are being formed step by step which has been combined into specific "interest group". At present, the development of Chinese interest groups is still not mature and balance. Not only the interest groups but also the game between them have negative effect and influence on the process of the public policy. Such as, it distorts and hinders the reform of China and also influences the performing of public power function in some way; some special interest group intensifies the inequality and affects stability of the society; to some extent, interest groups hurts the public interest when they lead to power rent-seeking and corruption which emerge endlessly; they also impact the benefits and authority of the policy, cause an increase in cost at the same time.It has an important heoretical and practical significance to study interest group theory and its role and influence on public policy process in the transformation period, with the background that social interest took on a diversification trend and the interest group plays a spread and deep role on the policy process.A complete process of public policy should be a dynamic process of interaction among multiple factors. Diverse interest groups and its increasing role and influence is bound to influence public policy process. With the growth of civil society in China, and development of a wide range of social interests, in transition period, in order to pursue the common interests of their own interests, different interest groups will inevitably penetrate to the impact of public policy, including public policy development, implementation, evaluation and monitoring the policy until the end of them. Interest groups influence public policy process in different approaches and ways, its influence and resources at their disposal is closely related to the position in the social structure. Interest groups, achieve their goals primarily through their network of social relations, public opinion, persuasion, and help from expert advisory bodies and other means. In China, the interest groups will bring a range of positive role and impact involved in the process of public policy for the political system:For example, it is conducive to the interests of political communication and expression and to maintain social stability; Conducive to strengthen the supervision and constraints from the subjects’action of public policy and as to achieve the scientific and democratic decision-making; Conducive to administration capacity building. Make a correct understanding of the relationship among the government,the public and interest groups; Interest groups should be recognized and given their legitimate channels for expressing interest; Promote the balanced development of interest groups and building mechanisms for fair and reasonable balance of interests; Strengthen the public policy process much more scientific, democratic and legal system; Nurture and guide the interests of the public spirit and promote the realization of public interest. Above all can help to improve and strengthen the public policy process, and promote the development of democratic politics and social progress more effectively in China.This thesis is based on the above background and its theoretical and practical significance, seven chapters included:The first chapter mainly contains analytical background and significance, current situation of the internal and external research, the main frame, main contents and research methods, of the paper, the aspects of innovation and shortcomings also included;The second chapter mainly defines the Chinese interest groups and its development.Mainly to introduce the concept of interests groups in Chinese and Western, while also discussed the birth, the development and characteristics of Chinese interests group, inevitability role and influence what the interest groups have effect on the public policy progress is also included.The third chapter discussed the development of the western interest groups and their effection to the progress of public policy. This chapter study maily on the status and development of interest groups in some presentive countries, such as America, Japan and European Union, the role and effection of which is also discussed in this chapter. On the base of above, it summaries foreign interest groups to participate, and influence the policy process and inspiration on China.The forth chapter analyzed the charater of the public policy process in China and relative policy analysis pattern. It analyzed the character of the public policy process in China firstly, and discourse the policy analysis theory and pattern of public policy process.The fifth chaper describe the status on how the interest groups play role to and affect the public policy progress in China. It maily analysis the status of role and effection from interest groups from the public policy progress or policy cycle of aspects of policy making, policy excution, policy estimation and policy control, policy modification and policy termination, etc.The sixth chapter is an empirical analysis on the role and influence of interest groups on public policy process-A case study of Chinese real estate interest groups. It maily make an empirical analysis and effection estimation on the role and effection on the public policy progress from Chinese real estate interest groups, so as to make the basis for a further standardizing interest groups’ participation in public policy process.The seventh chapter is to make countermeasures to the effect and positive role of the public policy process from interest groups. It analyzed and evaluated the role and influence in the policy process from interest groups, which from the positive and negative aspects; and supposed some governance thoughts according to the above analysis:first of all, we need to recognize the relationship between government and the public correctly; secondly, we need to approved the legalization of interest groups and give their legitimate channels for expressing interest; thirdly, strengthen the public policy process more scientific, democratic and legalic; forthly, promote the balanced development of different interest groups and build a fair and reasonable mechanism to balance the interests; the fifth point is to strengthen the interest group’s role of supervision and participation in the public policy process; sixthly, cultivate and guide the public spirit to the interest groups so that it can achieve more public interests.Promote the view of the relevant content of the above, it is a necessity that interest groups play an important role and influence the public policy process. This role and impact has both advantages and disadvantages while avoiding disadvantages. How to play a more positive role in the process of public policy by interest groups is in our fundamental research, and it is also the result of an orderable and healthy development for interest groups in China, meanwhile, it is an efficient push to the Chinese democratic political development and social progress.