| According to the statistical indicators of United Nations, when the population over the age of 60 reaches to 10% of the total population or the population over the age of 65 reaches to 7% in a country or region, it is called aging of population. As early as 1965, France took the lead into the aging society, the first country to enter into aging society. After France, many developed countries in the world entered into aging society one after another. Nowadays aging of population is gradually becoming a global issue. In both developed and developing countries, the development of economy and progress of society are all impacted by aging of population to different extent.Since 1999, China has entered into aging society. Till the end of 2009, the population over age of 60 all over the country has reached to 167 million, accounting for 12.5% of the national population. The aging of China shows the trend of accelerating growth while senior citizens, the elderly incapable of taking care of themselves and the empty nesters compose a large group. Chinese aging population comes under undeveloped economy or relatively weak economic basis which belongs to "aging before rich". Meanwhile, Chinese aging of population is characterized by such distinct features as large population base, fast aging speed and regional imbalances and so on."World Health Report 2006" points out, the average life expectancy of Chinese population is 70 years old for men and 74 years old for women, and the average life expectancy is 72 years old." However, the health of the elderly population in China is not optimistic. The statistics from the Ministry of Health show, "about 60 to 70 percent of the elderly population has chronic diseases, among them everyone may suffer from 2 or 3 diseases. For the elderly people over the age of 60, the rate of suffering from chronic diseases is 3.2 times of the total population; the number of sick days is 2.2 times the general population, the total disability rate is 3.6 times of the population disability.Although the average life expectancy of elderly in China prolongs, most of them require different levels of care, a number of senior citizens in retirement are under unhealthy conditions. It is estimated that on average the care and medical cost for each 80 years old and above is 14 times more, compared with those who are 65 to 74 years old. With the growing elderly population, the aging people in need of care are also increasing, and rising almost exponentially. Because the average life span continues to extend, it makes elderly nursing care time get longer. With the rapid development of Chinese endowment services, elderly care has gradually been taken seriously. However, the aging of Chinese current status and future trends, are clearly inadequate. "The views of speeding up the development of endowment services" indicates that it will support the development of ageing care, hospice services; support to set up elder care, medical institutions with the nature of hospice care; encourage medical institutions to develop elderly care and hospice services. According to actual situation, the agencies which carry out elderly care, hospice services shall be given to policy support. However, because of the late start of aging care, elderly health care system is far from perfect. It has not yet established a scientific and comprehensive pension service system. Our system of pension service is facing a double dilemma both in policy and fact.Population Aging and Construction of Endowment Service System are to present one of the important issues facing our country in this stage. The paper, not only aims to build a perfect system, but also wants to find a suitable service system for China, which is very important and urgent.In this paper, on the basis of theory analysis, the elderly services will of urban residents and the urban endowment service system have been researched, with a case study of Dalian. Combined with the economic and social development of reality and the future, the framework of the urban old-age service system and development strategy also has been designed.The innovation of the article mainly lies in:(1) The evolution and development of Chinese Security Model have been systematic organized and analyzed; With the sample’s statistical analyses, the key factors which have deepen impact on the residents’dwellers were researched. (2) The Concept of moderate generalized preferential was proposed. It can ensure that the self-reliance, universality, rights, fair, and the selectivity. (3) The family endowment, home endowment and community endowment have been combined in order to build a multidimensional view and to make a systematic and comprehensive research, changing the normal research which only focus on one aspect of the research. (4) According to research data and relevant strategy, the development goals of urban endowment service system have been put forward. It is includes the basically guarantee, service, and rapidly development of urban endowment service system, on the basis of moderate generalized preferential. It can be divided into three stages. In 2011-2015, it would be basically guarantee. In 2016-2020, it would be a service one. In 2021-2050, it would be a rapidly development of urban old-age service system. Through the three stages of development, the Chinese old age groups will be able to enjoy the high level services whith the socialize, industrialize, and the net work. It would also to enable the old people have a higher quality and decent life.The urban endowment service system is for the moderate generalized preferential. The providers should includ the government organizations and non-governmental organizations. On the one hand, the high benefits don’t fit china; when the government provices the basicly services, the enterprises and the non-government organizations need to participate in. On another hand, it will lead to low efficiency since the government provides featuring and dominating which repels competition. The urban old-age service system is moderate generalized preferential, and more should be efficient. The government can through subsidies and purchase of services for the elder people to provide basicly service. The community, enterprises, family, personal, and the other social organizations are part of the non-governmental organizations. It mainly provides the alternative service and the basicly services.The government and non-governmental organizations at the same time as the elderly service providers, reflect the division of government and market. It will to prevent the high costs and low efficiency when the services are provided only by the government. In this process, it will also to enable the non-governmental organizations developing a high degree of social responsibility. At the same time, the Chinese urban endowment service system needs of the relevant policy and legal support.As competitive public goods, the construction and development of urban endowment service system will have a great significance for a country and a region. However, there are many problems need to be further researched. |
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