Studies On The Absence And Construction Of Farmers’ Subjectivity In Rural Community Development

Subjectivity is the characteristics of autonomy, consciousness, selectiveness and creativity in the interaction between the subject and the object in the Philosophy of Marxism. Seeing from social development, the basis of modernization is the modernization of man and the core of man’s modernization is man’s subjectivity. With the coming of the new century, our country has made some strategic decisions for promoting the rural community construction actively in order to balance the development of urban areas and rural ones. Based on the reality, the government, the market and the society cooperate with each other since the carrying out of the experiments in the rural community construction. Thus great achievements have been made in rural community construction. However, there is such absence of farmers’ subjectivity as scarce self-consciousness, low creativity, depressed autonomy and arranged choices in some places. It has been an obstacle to carry out the goal of "ordered government, perfect service and harmony civilization". Therefore it is urgent to actually cultivate and exercise farmers’ subjectivity in the present rural community construction.In this paper, the "subjectivity interaction theory" is used to analyze the question of "how to construct farmers’ subjectivity" and explore the community way of constructing farmers’ subjectivity under the background of China social modernization transformation. Subjectivity interaction theory is a new perspective of understanding and constructing community in China. First of all, subjectivity interaction theory contains three main points. The first one is to get rid of the traditional misunderstanding of community as "having society, no government and no market", and to redefine community. That is, community is a place with multi-subject interaction where public services are provided by the government, commercial services are provided by the market, voluntary services are provided by the society. The second one is to get rid of the misunderstanding of constructing farmers’ subjectivity by the government only and redefine the generative mechanism. That is, community is constructed by multi-subjects of the government, the market and the society. The basic feature of China’s community construction is, based on social responsibility, to give full play to the subjectivity of the government, the market and the society under the guidance of the communicative party. The third one is to redefine the relationship between subjects of community construction. That is, community construction is the inter-construction of government subjectivity, market subjectivity and social subjectivity. Secondly,"actor" is the core hypothesis of "inter-construction of subjectivity theory". All actors have three characteristics of dependence, autonomy and interactivity of action strategy. Besides,"actor" is the actor in the "structure", and there is an inter-construction relationship between the "actor" and the "structure". Last but not least, as for the presupposition, inter-construction of subjectivity theory holds that there must be four prerequisites of the diversity of subjects, the availability of objectives, the responsibility of participators and the relativity of benefits in order to realize the inter-construction of multi-subjects in community construction.According to the analysis fragment of inter-construction of subjectivity theory, his paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction. It describes the research purpose, significance, contents and methods of this paper. The second part is about the analysis tools used in this paper, including the main points, core hypothesis, prerequisites and values of the inter-construction of subjectivity theory. The third part is the experimental analysis on the farmers’ subjectivity absence in community planning, collective habitation, public service, land changing and daily communication. The fourth part is the structural factors analysis of farmers’ subjectivity absence in rural community construction starting from the present unbalanced social structure and improper government structure. The fifth part is the feasible suggestions to construct farmers’ subjectivity. The construction of farmers’ subjectivity can never be completed by a certain subject in rural community construction. Only through the inter-construction of government subjectivity, market subjectivity and social subjectivity can it be achieved. Therefore, this paper put forward some strategies for the construction of farmers’ subjectivity from the two aspects of "reconstructing rural living community" and "inter-constructing government subjectivity, market subjectivity and social subjectivity". The last part is the summary and outlook.