North Korean Manchuria Immigrant History Research

The Li Dynasty Period of Joseon, China’s Yuan Dynasty constantly invaded Joseon and plundered a large number of Koreans to return home. In1617, Hou Jin launched SaErHu war, captured15000Korean soldiers who came to aid Ming Dynasty’s. Hou Jin launched the war of aggression against Joseon, plundered a large number of Koreans and sent them into Manchuria in1627(Ding Mao); In1636(BingZi),after the Hou Jin was renamed as Qing, it launched the war of aggression against Joseon and plundered hundreds of thousands of Koreans and sent them to Manchuria again. Part of people were killed and some people also redeemed, and most people became incorporated into the Eight Banners Army, the vast majority of people were reduced to the Jurchen, and the history of the Koreans who moved into Manchuria started.In1677, the Qing Dynasty unified China and implemented ban policy in Manchuria to prevent other Chinese ethnic groups and Koreans from "illegally immigrant ing". Especially the Changbai Mountain area as "the birthplace of the manchu ancestors" was heavily fortified. Joseon also formulated corresponding policies, cracked down "illegally immigranting" and the relevant local government officials, and even put " illegally immigranting" sently Qing Dynasty to death. But, due to the Koreans poor life, along with the problem that the border between Joseon and the Qing Dynasty was not clear, the policy of forbidding " illegally immigranting" never stopped. In1712, Joseon and the Qing Dynasty officials had mutual check and set up boundary tablets in the Changbai Mountain, confirming the Tumen River and Yalu River as a border between the two countries. However, the problem about Koreans "illegally immigranting" was not solved.After the mid-19th century, the Qing Dynasty was forced to stop that need of the tsarist Russia went to the South and abolished the ban policy of Manchuria. They began to implement immigration firm policy and try to attract the Han nationality keep edge, but failed because of distance and other issues. Since1860, the north of Joseon continuous occured natural disasters and more Koreans "illegally immigrant ing" settled in Manchuria. Thus, a different scale of Koreans began to form a gathering area in the north shore of Yalu and the Tumen River. The Qing government implemented the policy of national assimilation and cruel oppression and exploitation to the Koreans in Manchuria.In1910, because of the Japanese annexation of Korea and forced more Koreans immigranted to Manchuria. So that, Korean immigrants landed reclamation in the northern region of the Tumen and Yalu River, and developed the paddy field. It preliminary formed of the Korean society. In1931, Japan in order to build up Manchuria the war of aggression base, they implemented policy of the group and collection immigration, and forced a large number of Koreans moved to Manchuria after Japan invaded Manchuria. The Japanese invaders not only imposed "dual nationality" but also implemented a policy of "governing and utilization" for the Manchurian Koreans. China’s feudal warlords government inherited national assimilation policy of the Qing Dynasty. They cruel oppressed and exploited the Manchurian Koreans, even regarded them as the "pawn" of Japan invaded Manchuria to be drove out them.The Japanese imperialist implemented policy of "security rural areas","tribal group" and "yeoman create the plan" for the Manchurian Koreans. They want to continue to increase the Korean people in Manchuria and increasingly expanded the Koreans society. The Japanese imperialist carried out a policy of "control and stability" for the Koreans in Manchuria, implemented the fascist rule in politically. They attempted to wipe out the Korean’s anti-Japanese armed. Economically, they implemented the cruel exploitation, cause a growing number of Korean farmers became tenants or semi tenants, and made them lived a very poor life. Culturally, they obliterated the Korean national history and culture to destroy the spirit of revolt. But, under the multiple oppression and exploitation of the Japanese imperialist, the Qing Dynasty, the republic of China and landlord (including the usury capital), the Manchurian Koreans created private schools to carry out the national education of anti-Japanese. They inherited and carried forward the national culture, and cultivated talents of anti-Japanese nationalism, conducted anti-Japanese and anti-feudal struggle.The Manchurian Koreans wrote down the glorious chapter of the Korean national overseas immigration history. First of all, into Manchuria’s Koreans began to assart a large number of wasteland with industrious hands from the18th century, and developed the paddy field. It has made an important contribution to develop the agricultural production of Manchuria region. The Manchurian Koreans set up anti-Japanese armed foreces for national independence, and resolute stuggle against the Japanese invaders. After the "Manchurian incident", the anti-Japanese nationalism as the South Korean independence army and the Korean revolutionary joined other anti-Japanese army in east BeiMan and the Eastside regional. They fought heroically and destroyed a large number of the enemy with the Japanese and puppet troops. Under the leadership of the communist party of China, the Manchurian Koreans communist established the anti-Japanese armed forces and the anti-Japanese guerrilla base areas and moved to the vast Manchuria with the Chinese people. It had left the blood for victory in the China’s war of resistance against Japan and independent South Korea, buried the body in exotic locales. Finally, they achieved the victory in the Anti-Japanese War together, drove away the Japanese invaders, and welcomed the national liberation day.For Koreans emigrated to Manchuria more than300years, a total of about2million people moved in Manchuria. Among them, most of the Korean forced moved into the Manchuria by Japan after the Japan merged with South Korea. It was extremely rare in the history of immigration in the world. The history of blood and tears proved that heinous crimes of Japanese imperialist on the Korean nation. There are approximately1million Koreans returned home and the rest of the more than1million people stayed in China after the Japanese surrender. They acquired Chinese nationality after that won the victory of the new democratic revolution with Chinese people together. Then they became ethnic Koreans in China.The history of Korean people in Manchuria that it is an important part in the Korean national overseas immigration history, but also a part of the entire history of the Korean nation. For a century, they opened up the history of wasteland, paddy field and carried out anti-Japanese armed struggle in Manchuria. Those are also a splendid page in the history of the Korean nation overseas and an important chapter in the entire history of the Korean nation.