The Study Of The Emerging Mechanism Of The Social Movements In Western Countriews

Western social movements can be said to be by-products of the emergence anddevelopment of capitalism, and the continuation and development in the capitalistsociety, become a expression form of political demand and participation in thecapitalist society, become a means of protest to pursuit of all kinds of rights andinterests and political moral ideal. Along the rise and development of the westernsocial movements, they played an important role in promoting modernizationconstruction and democratic political construction of the whole capitalism（althoughin the local circumstances, violent and destructive）, greatly changed the socialstructure and political ecology in Western countries. For the ongoing modernizationand democratization of our country, tracking the historical phenomenon and thecontemporary form of social movements, combing the evolutionary path of socialmovements and prompting positive development of the state and society, haveimportant practical significance.This article uses the literature method, case study method and comparativemethod to study the mechanism of western social movements, based on the theory ofwestern social movements study on integration theory, from the static and dynamic,macro and micro perspective to analyze social mechanism, political mechanism,organization mechanism and interaction mechanism of both sides in the westmovement of society, these mechanisms include both promoting mechanism and blocking mechanism, moreover, these different mechanisms of permutation andcombination, will cause a big difference about social movements happened in thedifferent countries.This paper analyses the social environment mechanism to the influence onopposing sides in social movements. including the market capitalism, the technologyindustrialism, the hierarchical social structure and the radicalization enlightenment,makes responses and reactions in both parties. In addition, the social movement isinfluenced by the state formation, transformation, collapse and character of the state,political opportunity structure which to the extent of open and close, opportunities andthreats,as well as the state ability and ways to governing and processing of socialmovements, will deeply effect on the occurrence of social movements. No double, theoccurrence of social movement is also affected by its own organization mechanism,which includes the unity and division of social movement leaders, the utilization ofexisting organizations, social movement mobilization, on the one hand, to solve freerider and opportunism problem, on the other hand to do a wide range of resourcemobilization, social utilization, the intermediate contact and identity construction offrame, etc; in the new media age, it must be reasonable to use the power of media, alink through displaying the media image and mobilizing the social movement is alsovery important. After all，social movement is a social phenomenon against bothinteractions, eventually the interactions between each other will make a greatinfluence, different types of social movements leading to a response is different. in theinteraction process, this paper mainly discuss three types of interactive mechanism:the verification and cancellation of the legality, the construction and deconstruction ofidentity, the activation and passivation of boundary, which affect social movementfrom positive or negative aspects. In the process of interaction, the adjustment andinnovation of struggle tactics, also had a great impact on the rise of social movement,in addition to violent destructive struggle practices, social movement innovates thepetitions, demonstrations, strikes and sit ins and other fighting techniques, greatlyease the confrontation on both sides, is conductive to the survival and development ofsocial movement. In the course of the struggle, there is also a struggle periodphenomenon, as result of the interaction of the struggle, transformation period, means the process of the rise,the weak or disappear of the social movement.The innovation of this article lies in the integration of theories, study on socialmovements of their differentiation and disconnection, at the beginning ofmechanism,to study social movement, which analyses the promotion mechanism ofsocial movement, and also analyses to weaken or eliminate the mechanism of socialmovement, the mixed evolution between them has a large impact on the occurrenceand the future.The article about the future of the social movement has a cautiousattitude, social movements in the future, which could spread, is also likely toeliminate; which could promote democratization in external or internal; which socialmovements fighting both may be moderate,or likely radicalization. It all depends onthe duality on the promotion and impediment of different mechanism, and depends onthe condition of the various kinds of mechanism of permutation and combination.