Service-oriented Government Emergence In The Context Of Community Reconstruction

The transformation of society calls for government reform. Corresponding to management-oriented government generated in industrial society, service-oriented government will be generated in the process of globalization and post-industrialization. It is no doubt that we can reveal the logic of the emergence of service-oriented government from different dimensions including the dimension of community reconstruction. Community rebuilding occurs in a situation of social transition, and brings some specific political effect as well as calls for government reform. In a certain sense, the emergence of service-oriented government in the context of community reconstruction has been a significant age topic. If we want to answer this age topic, we need to reflect its knowledge pedigrees from a historicist perspective.We can explore the relationship between community and government from following dimensions, including autonomy, friendship and management. But the essences of autonomy, feeling and management being generated in the process of globalization and post-industrialization are different form they were generated in the industrial society. It means that on one hand, we must reflect the essence of community and government relations which were constructed through "autonomy" and "friendship" and "management" in the industrial society; on the other hand, we must recognize the new context of community and government relations which are also constructed through "autonomy" and "friendship" and "management". In a certain sense, we can not continue to use the construction strategy of community and government relations in the industrial society. In the new context, we need to be on the basis of the three dimensions simultaneously and find new ways to integrate the three dimensions.In the early age of industrial society, with the development of market, the strangers which are different with acquaintances in the regional community of agricultural society are gradually generated. These strangers get community identity through a particular way, and they have awareness of community autonomy. In order to obtain institutional space, traditional community autonomy calls for government to change from mercantilism, despotism towards liberalism and democracy. Although community reconstruction requires autonomy, the recent community reconstruction is on the rise after the disintegration of the traditional community autonomy, and has new traits.With the development of marketization and industrialization, the disadvantages of traditional community autonomy gradually come out. In the institutionalizing process of traditional autonomy promoted by government, society increasingly divided into two different areas. One area has more reason and formal, another area has more intimacy and friendship. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional community autonomy, modern friendship community is increasingly on the rise. Modern friendship community is trying to integrate friendship and modern technology and organization to overcome the adverse effect of social differentiation. To a large degree, modern friendship community proposes government reform requirement. The Government’s laissez-faire policy has undermined social cohesion bonds. In order to repair the social cohesion, modern friendship community asks government to abandon the laissez-faire concept. Although friendship revives in the context of community reconstruction, it deals with the challenges of globalization and new individualization.It is based on the traditional social autonomy concept that understanding the relationship between community and government form autonomy and friendship dimensions. Neither the traditional autonomy community nor modern friendship community achieves the ideal of traditional social autonomy. With the decline of the concept of autonomy and friendship, management concept is on rise. Understanding the relationship between community and government from management dimension actually changes the status of the community and the government. Community management model changes from self-organized to government intervention, makes government able to absorb community functions. Government can through bureaucratic organization to comprehensively management community. During this period, the management-oriented government develops to its mature pattern. There are defects in the government-dominant bureaucratic community management mode. In order to overcome these shortcomings, management-oriented government adopts some reform solutions, including government function socialization. In the recent context of community reconstruction, community management is under transformation by the influence of management-oriented government reform.It is no doubt that autonomy, friendship and management in the situation of community reconstruction have new traits. These traits were bred in new social context. This social context is created by such following dynamics as transforming to post-industrial society, encountering risk society and rising of new civil society. In this new context, three dimensions of relationship between community and government, such as autonomy, friendship and management, must be reconstructed. To some extent, governance concept is the key concept to integrate three dimensions. We should get rid of the influence of the ideology of the industrial society. And we should seek cooperative governance in the process of decentralization and defragmentation. The cooperative concept of community governance includes dimensions such as areas integration, ethics and network. With the opening of the construction of community cooperative governance, management-oriented government disintegrates under the influence of decline of control orientation and negative effects of competition consciousness. Service concept generation is driving the rise of service-oriented government. In the situation of community cooperative governance, service-oriented government needs to guide the new community self-governance, cultivate community ethical spirits and build community cooperative system.